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Physical neural networks using physical materials and devices to mimic synapses and neurons offer an energy-efficient way to implement artificial neural networks. Yet, training physical neural networks are difficult and heavily relies on…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-01-07 Chang Niu , Huanyu Zhang , Chuanlong Xu , Wenjie Hu , Yunzhuo Wu , Yu Wu , Yadi Wang , Tong Wu , Yi Zhu , Yinyan Zhu , Wenbin Wang , Yizheng Wu , Lifeng Yin , Jiang Xiao , Weichao Yu , Hangwen Guo , Jian Shen

The neuronal paradigm of studying the brain has left us with limitations in both our understanding of how neurons process information to achieve biological intelligence and how such knowledge may be translated into artificial intelligence…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-12 Leo Kozachkov , Konstantinos P. Michmizos

Associative memory architectures such as the Hopfield network have long been important conceptual and theoretical models for neuroscience and artificial intelligence. However, translating these abstract models into spiking neural networks…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-02 William F. Podlaski , Christian K. Machens

Recent advances in associative memory design through structured pattern sets and graph-based inference algorithms have allowed reliable learning and recall of an exponential number of patterns. Although these designs correct external errors…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-03-14 Amin Karbasi , Amir Hesam Salavati , Amin Shokrollahi , Lav R. Varshney

To explore the relation between network structure and function, we studied the computational performance of Hopfield-type attractor neural nets with regular lattice, random, small-world and scale-free topologies. The random net is the most…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Patrick N. Mcgraw , Michael Menzinger

Recently, significant progress has been made regarding the statistical understanding of artificial neural networks (ANNs). ANNs are motivated by the functioning of the brain, but differ in several crucial aspects. In particular, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

The task of a neural associative memory is to retrieve a set of previously memorized patterns from their noisy versions using a network of neurons. An ideal network should have the ability to 1) learn a set of patterns as they arrive, 2)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-25 Amin Karbasi , Amir Hesam Salavati , Amin Shokrollahi

We study the problem of learning associative memory -- a system which is able to retrieve a remembered pattern based on its distorted or incomplete version. Attractor networks provide a sound model of associative memory: patterns are stored…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-21 Sergey Bartunov , Jack W Rae , Simon Osindero , Timothy P Lillicrap

Despite explosive expansion of artificial intelligence based on artificial neural networks (ANNs), these are employed as "black boxes'', as it is unclear how, during learning, they form memories or develop unwanted features, including…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Adam E. Essex , Natalia B. Janson , Rachel A. Norris , Alexander G. Balanov

Dense Associative Memories are high storage capacity variants of the Hopfield networks that are capable of storing a large number of memory patterns in the weights of the network of a given size. Their common formulations typically require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Benjamin Hoover , Duen Horng Chau , Hendrik Strobelt , Parikshit Ram , Dmitry Krotov

In this work we approach attractor neural networks from a machine learning perspective: we look for optimal network parameters by applying a gradient descent over a regularized loss function. Within this framework, the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Elena Agliari , Francesco Alemanno , Miriam Aquaro , Alberto Fachechi

We consider the problem of training a neural network to store a set of patterns with maximal noise robustness. A solution, in terms of optimal weights and state update rules, is derived by training each individual neuron to perform either…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Georgios Iatropoulos , Johanni Brea , Wulfram Gerstner

Autoassociative networks were proposed in the 80's as simplified models of memory function in the brain, using recurrent connectivity with hebbian plasticity to store patterns of neural activity that can be later recalled. This type of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-11-10 Emilio Kropff , Alessandro Treves

In 1982 John Hopfield published a neural network model for memory retrieval, a model that became a cornerstone in theoretical neuroscience. A key ingredient of the Hopfield model was the use of a network dynamics that is governed by a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-12 Merav Stern , Eric Shea-Brown

The paper examines the problem of accessing a vector memory from a single neuron in a Hebbian neural network. It begins with the review of the author's earlier method, which is different from the Hopfield model in that it recruits…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2009-05-26 Subhash Kak

Neuroscience has focused on the detailed implementation of computation, studying neural codes, dynamics and circuits. In machine learning, however, artificial neural networks tend to eschew precisely designed codes, dynamics or circuits in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-04 Adam Marblestone , Greg Wayne , Konrad Kording

Interest in biologically inspired alternatives to backpropagation is driven by the desire to both advance connections between deep learning and neuroscience and address backpropagation's shortcomings on tasks such as online, continual…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Jack Lindsey , Ashok Litwin-Kumar

Recurrent networks of spiking neurons (RSNNs) underlie the astounding computing and learning capabilities of the brain. But computing and learning capabilities of RSNN models have remained poor, at least in comparison with artificial neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Guillaume Bellec , Darjan Salaj , Anand Subramoney , Robert Legenstein , Wolfgang Maass

Classical autoassociative memory models have been central to understanding emergent computations in recurrent neural circuits across diverse biological contexts. However, they typically neglect neuromodulatory agents that are known to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-17 Daiki Goto , Hector Manuel Lopez Rios , Monika Scholz , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

Artificial Intelligence has looked into biological systems as a source of inspiration. Although there are many aspects of the brain yet to be discovered, neuroscience has found evidence that the connections between neurons continuously grow…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Javier Lopez Randulfe , Leon Bonde Larsen
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