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I present a generalized power-law diagnostic that allows to identify the presence of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in infrared (IR) galaxies at z>1, down to flux densities at which the extragalactic IR background is mostly resolved. I derive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Karina I. Caputi

We analyze the wavelength-dependent variability of a sample of spectroscopically confirmed active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected from near-UV ($NUV$) variable sources in the GALEX Time Domain Survey that have a large amplitude of optical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-28 T. Hung , S. Gezari , D. O. Jones , R. P. Kirshner , R. Chornock , E. Berger , A. Rest , M. Huber , G. Narayan , D. Scolnic , C. Waters , R. Wainscoat , D. C. Martin , K. Forster , J. D. Neill

We investigate the use of optical variability to identify and study Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in the GOODS-South field. A sample of 22 mid-infrared power law sources and 102 X-ray sources with optical counterparts in the HST ACS images…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Alison Klesman , Vicki Sarajedini

In this paper, we propose a convex optimization-based estimation of sparse and smooth power spectral densities (PSDs) of complex-valued random processes from mixtures of realizations. While the PSDs are related to the magnitude of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Hiroki Kuroda , Daichi Kitahara , Eiichi Yoshikawa , Hiroshi Kikuchi , Tomoo Ushio

The dependence of the long-term optical/UV variability on the spectral and the fundamental physical parameters for radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is investigated. The multi-epoch repeated photometric scanning data in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Y. L. Ai , W. Yuan , H. Y. Zhou , T. G. Wang , X. -B. Dong , J. G. Wang , H. L. Lu

In this study, we demonstrate some of the caveats in common statistical methods used for analysing astronomical variability timescales. We consider these issues specifically in the context of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and use a more…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-12 Sofia Kankkunen , Merja Tornikoski , Talvikki Hovatta

We test the consistency of active galactic nuclei (AGN) optical flux variability with the $\textit{damped random walk}$ (DRW) model. Our sample consists of 20 multi-quarter $\textit{Kepler}$ AGN light curves including both Type 1 and 2…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-03 Vishal P. Kasliwal , Michael S. Vogeley , Gordon T. Richards

X-ray reverberation has become a powerful tool to probe the disc-corona geometry near black holes. Here, we develop Machine Learning (ML) models to extract the X-ray reverberation features imprinted in the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-18 P. Chainakun , N. Mankatwit , P. Thongkonsing , A. J. Young

Blazars, a class of active galactic nuclei (AGN) powered by supermassive black holes, are known for their remarkable variability across multiple timescales and wavelengths. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of AGN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-04 Gopal Bhatta , Suvas C. Chaudhary , Niraj Dhital , Tek P. Adhikari , Maksym Mohorian , Radim Pánis , Raghav Neupane , Yogesh Singh Maharjan

Blazar gamma-ray variability is predominantly stochastic and well described by red-noise processes. However, a subset of sources shows quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) on year-long timescales, whose physical origin remains debated. In…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-17 Alberto Domínguez , Adithiya Dinesh , Elena Madero

We study the power density spectrum (PDS) of artificial light curves of observed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We investigate statistical properties of GRB light curves by comparing the reported characteristics in the PDSs of the observed GRBs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Heon-Young Chang , Insu Yi

Beginning in 1999 January, the bright, strongly variable Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxy Akn 564 has been observed by RXTE once every ~4.3 days. It was also monitored every ~3.2 hr throughout 2000 July. These evenly-sampled observations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Ken Pounds , Rick Edelson , Alex Markowitz , Simon Vaughan

We present variability analyses of twenty pointed XMM-Newton observations of the high energy peaked TeV blazar PG 1553+113 taken during 2010 to 2018. We found intraday variability in the total X-ray energy range (0.3 -- 10 keV) in 16 out of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-30 Vinit Dhiman , Alok C. Gupta , Haritma Gaur , Paul J. Wiita

The origin of the optical flux variability in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is largely unknown. Previous studies have correlated features of the variability structure function (SF) with AGN properties, though they mostly involved…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-06 Ashley Hai Tung Tan , Christian Wolf , Neelesh Amrutha , Christopher A. Onken , John L. Tonry , Rachel Webster

The changing-look active galactic nucleus (CL-AGN), an extraordinary subpopulation of supermassive black holes, has attracted growing attention for understanding its nature. We present an analysis of the spectral properties of 203…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-13 Yu-Heng Shen , Kai-Xing Lu , Wei-Jian Guo , Sha-Sha Li , Hai-Cheng Feng , Zhang Yue , Wen-Zhe Xi , Jian-Guo Wang , Jin-Ming Bai

Variability at all observed wavelengths is a distinctive property of AGN. Hard X-rays provide us with a view of the innermost regions of AGN, mostly unbiased by absorption along the line of sight. Swift/BAT offers the unique opportunity to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 S. Soldi , V. Beckmann , W. H. Baumgartner , G. Ponti , C. R. Shrader , P. Lubinski , H. A. Krimm , F. Mattana , J. Tueller

We study the optical variability characteristics of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) AGN catalogue by utilising approximately five years of optical light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-12 Vivek Kumar Jha , Debbijoy Bhattacharya , Hum Chand

Aims. The blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 have shown multiwavelength variability on all observed timescales, and have been well studied at high energies on short timescales. We aim to characterise the long-term temporal behaviour of these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-25 Gabrielle L. Taylor , Stefan J. Wagner , Alicja Wierzcholska , Michael Zacharias

We present preliminary results on the variability properties of AGN above 20 keV in order to show the potential of the INTEGRAL IBIS/ISGRI and Swift/BAT instruments for hard X-ray timing analysis of AGN. The 15-50 keV light curves of 36 AGN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-01-26 S. Soldi , G. Ponti , V. Beckmann , P. Lubinski

We study a combined sample of 264 star-forming, 51 composite, and 73 active galaxies using optical spectra from SDSS and mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectra from the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph. We examine optical and mid-IR spectroscopic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Stephanie M. LaMassa , T. M. Heckman , A. Ptak , D. Schiminovich , M. O'Dowd , B. Bertincourt