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Medical image segmentation models are typically supervised by expert annotations at the pixel-level, which can be expensive to acquire. In this work, we propose a method that combines the high quality of pixel-level expert annotations with…

Adversarial attacks consist in maliciously changing the input data to mislead the predictions of automated decision systems and are potentially a serious threat for automated medical image analysis. Previous studies have shown that it is…

Localization of an object within an image is a common task in medical imaging. Learning to localize or detect objects typically requires the collection of data which has been labelled with bounding boxes or similar annotations, which can be…

Medical image segmentation is an important task for computer aided diagnosis. Pixelwise manual annotations of large datasets require high expertise and is time consuming. Conventional data augmentations have limited benefit by not fully…

Semantic medical image segmentation using deep learning has recently achieved high accuracy, making it appealing to clinical problems such as radiation therapy. However, the lack of high-quality semantically labelled data remains a…

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a widely used imaging technique that provides detailed examinations into the internal structure of an object with synchrotron CT (SR-CT) enabling improved data quality by using higher energy, monochromatic…

This paper presents a new framework for human body part segmentation based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks trained using only synthetic data. The proposed approach achieves cutting-edge results without the need of training the models…

Cancer is an abnormal growth with potential to invade locally and metastasize to distant organs. Accurate auto-segmentation of the tumor and surrounding normal tissues is required for radiotherapy treatment plan optimization. Recent…

Report generation models offer fine-grained textual interpretations of medical images like chest X-rays, yet they often lack interactivity (i.e. the ability to steer the generation process through user queries) and localized…

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) excels at generating precise object masks from input prompts but lacks semantic awareness, failing to associate its generated masks with specific object categories. To address this limitation, we propose…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The multiple chest x-ray datasets released in the last years have ground-truth labels intended for different computer vision tasks, suggesting that performance in automated chest-xray interpretation might improve…

Recent advances in computer vision have led to significant progress in the generation of realistic image data, with denoising diffusion probabilistic models proving to be a particularly effective method. In this study, we demonstrate that…

Segmentation of COVID-19 lesions from chest CT scans is of great importance for better diagnosing the disease and investigating its extent. However, manual segmentation can be very time consuming and subjective, given the lesions' large…

The task of classifying X-ray data is a problem of both theoretical and clinical interest. Whilst supervised deep learning methods rely upon huge amounts of labelled data, the critical problem of achieving a good classification accuracy…

Assigning meaning to parts of image data is the goal of semantic image segmentation. Machine learning methods, specifically supervised learning is commonly used in a variety of tasks formulated as semantic segmentation. One of the major…

Training of semantic segmentation models for material analysis requires micrographs and their corresponding masks. It is quite unlikely that perfect masks will be drawn, especially at the edges of objects, and sometimes the amount of data…

Annotation is a major hurdle in the semantic segmentation of microscopy images and volumes due to its prerequisite expertise and effort. This work enables the training of semantic segmentation networks on images with only a single point for…

The performance of supervised deep learning algorithms depends significantly on the scale, quality and diversity of the data used for their training. Collecting and manually annotating large amount of data can be both time-consuming and…

We propose an attention mechanism for 3D medical image segmentation. The method, named segmentation-by-detection, is a cascade of a detection module followed by a segmentation module. The detection module enables a region of interest to…

Diversity in data is critical for the successful training of deep learning models. Leveraged by a recurrent generative adversarial network, we propose the CT-SGAN model that generates large-scale 3D synthetic CT-scan volumes ($\geq…