Related papers: The Origin of Hadron Masses
Atomic nuclei lie at the core of everything visible; and at the first level of approximation, their atomic weights are simply the sum of the masses of all the neutrons and protons (nucleons) they contain. Each nucleon has a mass $m_N…
This paper deals with the hadronization process of quark system. A phenomenological potential is introduced to describe the interaction between a quark pair. The potential depends on the color charge of those quarks and their relative…
The physical model (PhsMdl) of the hadrons is offered by means of the obvious analogy with the transparent surveyed PhsMdls of the vacuum and leptons in our recent works. It is assumed that the vacuum is consistent by dynamides, streamlined…
A simple model of hadron which exhibits the quark confinement and the asymptotic freedom is described. The hadron is modelled as a sphere of radius equal to its Compton wavelength in which quarks occur surrounded by space with the uniformly…
In this short note we derive a formula which describes the dependence of the mass of a hadron which contains a single heavy quark on the temperature of the heat bath. It takes a simple scaling form with the exponent which is different than…
We investigate hadron spectra in 2-color QCD using lattice simulation with $N_{f}=2$ at low temperature and finite density in which there appears not only the hadronic phase but also the superfluid phase. We first calculate the pion and rho…
A primary question in hadron physics is how the mass scale for hadrons consisting of light quarks, such as the proton, emerges from the QCD Lagrangian even in the limit of zero quark mass. If one requires the effective action which…
Some time ago a slightly improved variant of bag model (the modified bag model) suitable for the unified description of light and heavy hadrons was developed. The main goal of the present work was to calculate the masses of the ground state…
Light-baryon resonances (with u,d, and s quarks in the SU(3) classification) fall on Regge trajectories. When their squared masses are plotted against the intrinsic orbital angular momenta {\rm L}, $\Delta^*$'s with even and odd parity can…
There are two mass generating mechanisms in the standard model of particle physics (SM). One is related to the Higgs boson and fairly well understood. The other is embedded in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the SM's strong interaction piece;…
Hadron masses are shown to be separable in QCD into contributions of quark and gluon kinetic and potential energies, quark masses, and the trace anomaly. The separation is based on a study of the structure of the QCD energy-momentum tensor…
This article proposes a concept called Condensed Electromagnetic Radiation (CER) as the electromagnetic origin of mass particles. An overwhelming amount of experimental evidence is consistent with the CER concept as a fundamental…
One of the most fundamental problems in Quantum Chromodynamics is to understand the origin of the mass scale which controls the range of color confinement and the hadronic spectrum. We show that a mass gap and a fundamental color…
The oldest enigma in fundamental particle physics is: Where do the observed masses of elementary particles come from? Inspired by observation of the empirical particle mass spectrum we propose that the masses of elementary particles arise…
High-energy cosmic rays are observed indirectly by detecting the extensive air showers initiated in Earth's atmosphere. The interpretation of these observations relies on accurate models of air shower physics, which is a challenge and an…
The study of light hadrons is central to the understanding of confinement--a unique property of QCD. The quark model describs mesons as bound states of quarks and antiquarks. LQCD and QCD-motivated models for hadrons, however, predict a…
We argue that the standard decompositions of the hadron mass overlook pressure effects, and hence should be interpreted with great care. Based on the semiclassical picture, we propose a new decomposition that properly accounts for these…
Mass spectra of ground state hadrons containing u-, d-, s-, c-quarks as well as some lightest hadrons containing b-quarks are calculated on the basis of a slightly modified bag model. The center-of-mass motion corrections are incorporated…
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) claims that the major source of the nucleon invariant mass is not the Higgs mechanism but the trace anomaly in QCD energy momentum tensor. Although experimental and theoretical results support such conclusion, a…
After decades-long attempts to measure the mass shift and understand the origin of hadron mass, it became clear that one has to analyze hadrons with small vacuum width. Also, to identify the effect of chiral symmetry breaking, one has to…