Related papers: Oxygen depletion in FLASH ultra-high-dose-rate rad…
Purpose: Recent studies suggest ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) irradiation can spare normal tissues from radiotoxicity, while efficiently controlling the tumor, and this is known as the FLASH effect. This study performed theoretical analyses…
Recent results from animal irradiation studies have rekindled interest in the potential of ultra-high dose rate irradiation (also known as FLASH) for reducing normal tissue toxicity. However, despite mounting evidence of a "FLASH effect", a…
It has been postulated that the delivery of radiotherapy at ultra-high dose rates ("FLASH") reduces normal tissue toxicities by depleting them of oxygen. The fraction of normal tissue and cancer cells surviving radiotherapy depends on dose…
Cancer treatment with radiotherapy aims to kill tumor cells and spare healthy tissue.Thus,the experimentally observed sparing of healthy tissue by the FLASH effect during irradiations with ultra-high dose rates (UHDR) enables clinicians to…
Background and purpose: Recent observations in animal models show that ultra-high dose rate ("FLASH") radiation treatment significantly reduces normal tissue toxicity maintaining an equivalent tumor control. The dependence of this "FLASH"…
Ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) radiotherapy, characterized by an extremely high radiation delivery rate, represents one of the most recent and promising frontier in radiotherapy. UHDR radiotherapy, addressed in the field as FLASH radiotherapy,…
Radiation chemistry of model systems irradiated with ultra-high dose-rates (UHDR) is key to obtain a mechanistic understanding of the sparing of healthy tissue, which is called the FLASH effect. It is envisioned to be used for efficient…
The differences in H2O2 production between conventional (CONV) and ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) irradiations in water radiolysis are still not fully understood. The lower levels of this radiolytic species, as a critical end product of water…
Objective: Radiolytic oxygen depletion (ROD) may play a role in the sparing of cells irradiated with ultra-high dose rates. Different methods have been used to quantify the effect of ROD during FLASH irradiation on cell survival, typically…
FLASH radiation has been reported to efficiently suppress tumor growth while sparing normal tissue, however, the mechanism of the differential tissue sparing effect is still not known. Oxygen has long been known to profoundly impact…
Background: Experiments have reported low normal tissue toxicities during FLASH radiation, but the mechanism has not been elaborated. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanism. The oxygen depletion hypothesis has been…
We present a multi-scale simulation of early stage of DNA damages by the indirect action of hydroxyl ($^\bullet$OH) free radicals generated by electrons and protons. The computational method comprises of interfacing the Geant4-DNA Monte…
Purpose: To propose a theory for the differential tissue sparing of FLASH ultra high dose rates (UHDR) through inter-track reaction-diffusion mechanism. Methods: We calculate the time-evolution of particle track-structures using a system of…
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) achieves tumor control comparable to conventional dose-rate irradiation (CONV-RT) while significantly reducing radiation damage to normal tissues. However, the physical conditions triggering the FLASH sparing…
Objective: While FLASH radiotherapy is recognized for short-term normal tissue sparing, its durability in late-responding organs remains uncertain, limiting clinical adoption. With its clinical importance and steep dose-response, the spinal…
We employ a large scale molecular simulation based on bond-order ReaxFF to simulate the chemical reaction and study the damage to a large fragment of DNA-molecule in the solution by ionizing radiation. We illustrate that the randomly…
Clinical applications of FLASH radiotherapy require formulas to describe how the FLASH radiation features and other related factors determine the FLASH effect. Mathematical analysis of the models can connect the theoretical hypotheses with…
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) has shown the potential to spare normal tissue while seemingly maintaining the effectiveness of conventional radiotherapy (CONV-RT). It has been suggested that the protective effect arises from the radiolytic…
Purpose: To investigate experimentally, if FLASH irradiation depletes oxygen within water for different radiation types such as photons, protons and carbon ions. Methods: This study presents measurements of the oxygen consumption in sealed,…
In the classical picture, electron-capture supernovae and the accretion-induced collapse of oxygen-neon white dwarfs (ONeWDs) undergo an oxygen deflagration phase before gravitational collapse produces a neutron star (NS). These types of…