Related papers: Temperaturskalan och Boltzmanns konstant
Boltzmann's principle S(E,N,V...)=ln W(E,N,V...) allows the interpretation of Statistical Mechanics of a closed system as Pseudo-Riemannian geometry in the space of the conserved parameters E,N,V... (the conserved mechanical parameters in…
Recent advances regarding the interplay between ab initio calculations and metrology are reviewed, with particular emphasis on gas-based techniques used for temperature and pressure measurements. Since roughly 2010, several thermophysical…
Equilibrium statistics of Hamiltonian systems is correctly described by the microcanonical ensemble. Classically this is the manifold of all points in the $N-$body phase space with the given total energy. Due to Boltzmann's principle,…
We describe a theoretical and computational approach to calculate the vibrational, elastic, and thermal properties of materials from the low-temperature quantum regime to the high-temperature anharmonic regime. This approach is based on…
We establish three partial differential equation models describing the thermodynamics of the fluid, by combining the energetic variational approach, appropriate constitutive relations, and classical thermodynamics laws. What is more, by…
In this paper, we study the 1D steady Boltzmann flow in a channel. The walls of the channel are assumed to have vanishing velocity and given temperatures $\theta_0$ and $\theta_1$. This problem was studied by Esposito et al [13,14] where…
A theory of local temperature measurement of an interacting quantum electron system far from equilibrium via a floating thermoelectric probe is developed. It is shown that the local temperature so defined is consistent with the zeroth,…
Context. Precise and accurate determinations of effective temperature and surface gravity are mandatory to derive reliable chemical abundances and fundamental parameters like distances, masses, radii, luminosities of OB stars. Aims.…
A single mechanism, endemic to the standard model of physics, is proposed to explain wavefunction collapse, classical motion, dissipation, equilibration, and the transition from pure quantum mechanics through open system decoherence to the…
It is generally recognized that the interstellar medium has a vast range of densities and temperatures. While these two properties are usually anticorrelated with each other, there are nevertheless variations in their product, i.e., the…
The lattice Boltzmann method is adopted to solve the liquid-vapor phase change problems in this article. By modifying the collision term for the temperature evolution equation, a new thermal lattice Boltzmann model is constructed. As…
These lectures introduce techniques that are used in the description of systems of particles and fields at high temperature (or density). These methods have a broad range of physical applications. We shall discuss two specific applications:…
We describe in detail a recently proposed lattice-Boltzmann model for simulating flows with multiple phases and components. In particular, the focus is on the modeling of one-component fluid systems which obey non-ideal gas equations of…
It is presented a microscopic interpretation for the temperature within Tsallis thermostatistics, generalizing the classical derivation based on the Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics. It is shown that with this definition the zeroth law and the…
The classical thermodynamic laws fail to capture the behavior of systems with energy Hamiltonian which is an explicit function of the temperature. Such Hamiltonian arises, for example, in modeling information processing systems, like…
Despite the finiteness of stress tensor for a scalar field on the four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole in the Israel-Hartle-Hawking vacuum, the Tolman temperature in thermal equilibrium is certainly divergent on the horizon due to the…
Equilibrium statistics of Hamiltonian systems is correctly described by the microcanonical ensemble. Classically this is the manifold of all points in the N-body phase space with the given total energy. Due to Boltzmann's principle,…
While the ability to measure low temperatures accurately in quantum systems is important in a wide range of experiments, the possibilities and the fundamental limits of quantum thermometry are not yet fully understood theoretically. Here we…
The coherence properties of optical emitters in crystals are crucial for quantum technologies and optical frequency metrology. Cooling to sub-kelvin temperatures can markedly enhance coherence, making it important to identify the parameters…
From a new rigorous formulation of the general axiomatic foundations of thermodynamics we derive an operational definition of entropy that responds to the emergent need in many technological frameworks to understand and deploy thermodynamic…