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Single-factor password-based authentication is generally the norm to access on-line Web-sites. While single-factor authentication is well known to be a weak form of authentication, a further concern arises when considering the possibility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Simone Raponi , Roberto Di Pietro

Encrypted cloud storage services are steadily increasing in popularity, with many commercial solutions currently available. In such solutions, the cloud storage is trusted for data availability, but not for confidentiality. Additionally,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Anders Dalskov , Daniele Lain , Enis Ulqinaku , Kari Kostiainen , Srdjan Capkun

Managing passwords securely and conveniently is still an open problem for many users. Existing research has examined users' password management strategies and identified pain points, such as security concerns, leading to insecure practices.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Alexander Ponticello , Filipo Sharevski , Simon Anell , Katharina Krombholz

Nuclear monitoring must considered as high precedence against national security. Now with the increasing nuclear threats it is crucial to ensure that malicious entity never procure nuclear warheads. Which comprises the prevention of illegal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Aysha Shabbir , Maryam Shabbir , Fahad Ahmad , Muhammad Rizwan

Despite the remarkable proficiency of \textit{Large Reasoning Models} (LRMs) in handling complex reasoning tasks, their reliability in safety-critical scenarios remains uncertain. Existing evaluations primarily assess response-level safety,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Baihui Zheng , Boren Zheng , Kerui Cao , Yingshui Tan , Zhendong Liu , Weixun Wang , Jiaheng Liu , Jian Yang , Wenbo Su , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng , Kaifu Zhang

In this paper we proposed an authentication technique based on the user cards, to improve the authentication process in systems that allows remote access for the users, and raise the security rate during an exchange of their messages. in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Ibrahim Obeidat , Ahmed AL Arjan , Rula AL Amrat , Rathaa AL Ajmi

As language models are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents in high-stakes settings, ensuring that they reliably follow user-defined rules has become a critical safety concern. To this end, we study whether language models exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dylan Sam , Alexander Robey , Andy Zou , Matt Fredrikson , J. Zico Kolter

Shoulder surfing is an attack vector widely recognized as a real threat - enough to warrant researchers dedicating a considerable effort toward designing novel authentication methods to be shoulder surfing resistant. Despite a multitude of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Leon Bošnjak , Boštjan Brumen

Access control policies are used to restrict access to sensitive records for authorized users only. One approach for specifying policies is using role based access control (RBAC) where authorization is given to roles instead of users. Users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-27 Khair Eddin Sabri

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as an efficient method for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) and is widely adopted within the open-source community. However, the decentralized dissemination of LoRA adapters through platforms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Linzhi Chen , Yang Sun , Hongru Wei , Yuqi Chen

Biometric data, such as face images, are often associated with sensitive information (e.g medical, financial, personal government records). Hence, a data breach in a system storing such information can have devastating consequences. Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Reena Zelenkova , Jack Swallow , M. A. P. Chamikara , Dongxi Liu , Mohan Baruwal Chhetri , Seyit Camtepe , Marthie Grobler , Mahathir Almashor

Password updates are a critical account security measure and an essential part of the password lifecycle. Service providers and common security recommendations advise users to update their passwords in response to incidents or as a critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Alexander Krause , Jacques Suray , Lea Schmüser , Marten Oltrogge , Oliver Wiese , Maximilian Golla , Sascha Fahl

User-chosen passwords remain essential to online security, and yet people continue to choose weak, insecure passwords. In this work, we investigate whether prospect theory, a behavioral model of how people evaluate risk, can provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Eryn Ma , Summer Hasama , Eshaan Lumba , Eleanor Birrell

Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have been widely applied, the privacy and security risks they face, such as data leakage and data poisoning, have not been systematically addressed yet. Existing defense strategies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Pengcheng Zhou , Yinglun Feng , Zhongliang Yang

Low-end embedded devices are increasingly used in various smart applications and spaces. They are implemented under strict cost and energy budgets, using microcontroller units (MCUs) that lack security features available in general-purpose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Adam Caulfield , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

Nowadays, traditional authentication methods are vulnerable to face attacks that are often based on inherent security issues. Professional attackers leverage adversarial offenses on the security holes. Biometrics has intrinsic advantages to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Fangshi Zhou , Tianming Zhao

Research management applications (RMA) are widely used in clinical research environments to collect, transmit, analyze, and store sensitive data. This data is so valuable making RMAs susceptible to security threats. This analysis, analyzes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Boniface M. Sindala , Ragib Hasan

Since the demise of the password was predicted in 2004, different attempts in industry and academia have been made to create an alternative for the use of passwords in authentication, without compromising on security and user experience.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Tunde Oduguwa , Abdullahi Arabo

The rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which is an inter connection of networks through an insecure public channel i.e. Internet demands for authenticating the remote user trying to access the secure network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-08 Vorugunti Chandra Sekhar , Mrudula Sarvabhatla

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) can be employed for device identification, authentication, secret key storage, and other security tasks. However, PUFs are susceptible to modeling attacks if a number of PUFs' challenge-response pairs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Mahmood Azhar Qureshi , Arslan Munir