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The concept of reconfiguring wireless propagation environments using intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS)s has recently emerged, where an IRS comprises of a large number of passive reflecting elements that can smartly reflect the impinging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Qurrat-Ul-Ain Nadeem , Hibatallah Alwazani , Abla Kammoun , Anas Chaaban , Merouane Debbah , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been explored as a supportive technology for wireless communication since around 2019. While the literature highlights the potential of RIS in different modern applications, two key issues have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Daniel C. Alcantara , Daniel V. C. de Oliveira , Gilderlan T. de Araújo , Paulo R. B. Gomes , André L. F. de Almeida

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have recently received widespread attention in the field of wireless communication. An RIS can be controlled to reflect incident waves from the transmitter towards the receiver; a feature that is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Jiangfeng Hu , Haifan Yin , Emil Björnson

In this paper, we investigate an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted millimeter-wave multiple-input single-output downlink wireless communication system. By jointly calculating the active beamforming at the base station and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Wencai Yan , Gangcan Sun , Wanming Hao , Zhengyu Zhu , Zheng Chu , Pei Xiao

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) plays an important role in maintaining the connectivity in millimeter wave (mmWave) MIMO systems when the direct channel between the transceivers is blocked. However, it is difficult to acquire…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-04 Rafaela Schroeder , Jiguang He , Markku Juntti

Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) emerges as an effective technique to resist the double-fading attenuation of passive RIS. By embedding with power harvesting function, it further evolves to zero-power active RIS, which can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xiao Zheng , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Zhuohui Yao , Jiangzhou Wang

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) consist of many passive elements of metamaterials whose impedance can be controllable to change the characteristics of wireless signals impinging on them. Channel estimation is a critical task when…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technique employing metasurface to reflect the signal from the source node to the destination node. By smartly reconfiguring the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the metasurface and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Qi Gu , Dan Wu , Xin Su , Hanning Wang , Jingyuan Cui , Yifei Yuan

A method of simulating a single-input single-output reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted channel is presented using three channel black boxes to represent the direct signal path, the transmit path to the RIS and the reflected…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Hasnul Hashim

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) offer a promising means of reshaping the wireless propagation environment, yet practical methods for configuring large passive arrays to achieve reliable signal equalization remain limited.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Gal Ben-Itzhak , Ender Ayanoglu

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising solution to deal with the blockage-sensitivity of millimeter wave band and reduce the high energy consumption caused by network densification. However, deploying large scale RISs may…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Yining Xu , Sheng Zhou

This paper introduces a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to support parameter estimation in machine-type communications (MTC). We focus on a network where single-antenna sensors transmit spatially correlated measurements to a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Sergi Liesegang , Antonio Pascual-Iserte , Olga Muñoz

In traditional Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) systems, the RIS is mounted on stationary structures like buildings, walls, or posts. They have shown promising results in enhancing the performance of wireless systems like capacity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 I. Zakir Ahmed , Hamid Sadjadpour

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a newly-emerged technology that, with its unique features, is considered to be a game changer for future wireless networks. Channel estimation is one of the most critical challenges for the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-30 Mehdi Haghshenas , Parisa Ramezani , Emil Björnson

Recently, the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology has ushered in the prospect of control over the wireless propagation environment. By establishing alternative propagation paths for the transmitted signals, and by reflecting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Pedro H. C. de Souza , Luciano Mendes

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is one of the promising 6G technologies that allows the conversion of the wireless channel into an intelligent transmit entity by manipulating the impinging waves using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-01 I. Yildirim , A. Uyrus , E. Basar

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology in wireless communication, enabling dynamic control over signal propagation. This paper tackles the challenge of mitigating Channel State Information…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Mahdi Shamsi , Hadi Zayyani , Farokh Marvasti

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are considered as potential technologies for the upcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication system. Various benefits brought by deploying one or multiple RISs include increased spectrum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-16 Jiguang He , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Rafaela Schroeder , Visa Tapio , Joonas Kokkoniemi , Markku Juntti

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has become a promising technology to improve wireless communication in recent years. It steers the incident signals to create a favorable propagation environment by controlling the reconfigurable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Wangyang Xu , Lu Gan , Chongwen Huang

Channel state information (CSI) is essential to unlock the potential of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in wireless communication systems. Since massive RIS elements are typically implemented without baseband signal processing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Weicong Chen , Jiajia Guo , Yiming Cui , Xiao Li , Shi Jin