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Extreme precipitation wreaks havoc throughout the world, causing billions of dollars in damage and uprooting communities, ecosystems, and economies. Accurate extreme precipitation prediction allows more time for preparation and disaster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weichen Huang

Precipitation is a large-scale, spatio-temporally heterogeneous phenomenon, with frequent anomalies exhibiting unusually high or low values. We use Markov Random Fields (MRFs) to detect spatio-temporally coherent anomalies in gridded annual…

Applications · Statistics 2017-11-01 Adway Mitra , Ashwin K. Seshadri

The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) is a critical climate phenomenon, fundamentally impacting the agriculture, economy, and water security of over a billion people. Traditional long-range forecasting, whether statistical or dynamical, has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Parashjyoti Borah , Sanghamitra Sarkar , Ranjan Phukan

Recent advances in data-generating techniques led to an explosive growth of geo-spatiotemporal data. In domains such as hydrology, ecology, and transportation, interpreting the complex underlying patterns of spatiotemporal interactions with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Aishwarya Sarkar , Chaoqun Lu , Ali Jannesari

Photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting plays a critical role in power system dispatch and market participation. Because PV generation is highly sensitive to weather conditions and cloud motion, accurate forecasting requires effective modeling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hang Fan , Haoran Pei , Runze Liang , Weican Liu , Long Cheng , Wei Wei

The increasing frequency of heavy rainfall events, which are a major cause of urban flooding, underscores the urgent need for accurate precipitation forecasting - particularly in urban areas where localized events often go undetected by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rama Kassoumeh , David Rügamer , Henning Oppel

Accurate and timely estimation of precipitation is critical for issuing hazard warnings (e.g., for flash floods or landslides). Current remotely sensed precipitation products have a few hours of latency, associated with the acquisition and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Mohammad Reza Ehsani , Ariyan Zarei , Hoshin V. Gupta , Kobus Barnard , Ali Behrangi

Obtaining reliable precipitation estimation with high resolutions in time and space is of great importance to hydrological studies. However, accurately estimating precipitation is a challenging task over high mountainous complex terrain.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yihan Wang , Lujun Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are trained on image-text pairs collected under canonical visual conditions and achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks. However, their robustness to real-world weather conditions, and the stability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chengyin Hu , Xiang Chen , Zhe Jia , Weiwen Shi , Fengyu Zhang , Jiujiang Guo , Yiwei Wei

Designing early warning systems for harsh weather and its effects, such as urban flooding or landslides, requires accurate short-term forecasts (nowcasts) of precipitation. Nowcasting is a significant task with several environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Christos Kaparakis , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Traffic prediction is a fundamental task in many real applications, which aims to predict the future traffic volume in any region of a city. In essence, traffic volume in a region is the aggregation of traffic flows from/to the region.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-04 Xian Zhou , Yanyan Shen , Linpeng Huang

Weather forecasting is crucial for public safety, disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and energy management, with global relevance. Although deep learning has significantly advanced weather prediction, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shixuan Li , Wei Yang , Peiyu Zhang , Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Yuehan Qin , Xiaole Zhang , Yue Zhao , Paul Bogdan

Short- or mid-term rainfall forecasting is a major task with several environmental applications such as agricultural management or flood risk monitoring. Existing data-driven approaches, especially deep learning models, have shown…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-13 Vincent Bouget , Dominique Béréziat , Julien Brajard , Anastase Charantonis , Arthur Filoche

Forecasting compound floods presents a significant challenge due to the intricate interplay of meteorological, hydrological, and oceanographic factors. Analyzing compound floods has become more critical as the global climate increases flood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xu Zheng , Chaohao Lin , Sipeng Chen , Zhuomin Chen , Jimeng Shi , Wei Cheng , Jayantha Obeysekera , Jason Liu , Dongsheng Luo

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) can reduce human suffering by predicting disastrous precipitation in time. A commonly-used NWP in the world is the European Centre for medium-range weather forecasts (EC). However, it is necessary to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Yiqun Liu , Shouzhen Chen , Lei Chen , Hai Chu , Xiaoyang Xu , Junping Zhang , Leiming Ma

This study investigates how conditional normalizing flows can be applied to remote sensing data products in climate science for spatio-temporal prediction. The method is chosen due to its desired properties such as exact likelihood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Christina Winkler , David Rolnick

Precipitation exceedance probabilities are widely used in engineering design, risk assessment, and floodplain management. While common approaches like NOAA Atlas 14 assume that extreme precipitation characteristics are stationary over time,…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-05 Yuchen Lu , Ben Seiyon Lee , James Doss-Gollin

One measurement modality for rainfall is a fixed location rain gauge. However, extreme rainfall, flooding, and other climate extremes often occur at larger spatial scales and affect more than one location in a community. For example, in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-02 Carlynn Fagnant , Julia C. Schedler , Katherine B. Ensor

Accurate workload forecasting is critical for efficient resource management in cloud computing systems, enabling effective scheduling and autoscaling. Despite recent advances with transformer-based forecasting models, challenges remain due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Shiyu Wang , Zhixuan Chu , Yinbo Sun , Yu Liu , Yuliang Guo , Yang Chen , Huiyang Jian , Lintao Ma , Xingyu Lu , Jun Zhou

Applying machine learning models to meteorological data brings many opportunities to the Geosciences field, such as predicting future weather conditions more accurately. In recent years, modeling meteorological data with deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Rafaela Castro , Yania M. Souto , Eduardo Ogasawara , Fabio Porto , Eduardo Bezerra