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Rydberg sensors offer a unique approach to radio frequency (RF) detection, leveraging the high sensitivity and quantum properties of highly-excited atomic states to achieve performance levels beyond classical technologies. Non-linear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Luís Felipe Gonçalves , Teng Zhang , Georg Raithel , David A. Anderson

Rydberg atom-based radio frequency electromagnetic field sensors are drawing wide-spread interest because of their unique properties, such as small size, dielectric construction, and self-calibration. These photonic sensors use lasers to…

Rydberg atoms exhibit remarkable sensitivity to electromagnetic fields, making them promising candidates for revolutionizing field sensors. Unlike conventional antennas, they neither disturb the measured field nor necessitate intricate…

Low frequency communication has a wide range of applications in the fields of satellite detection, underground mining, disaster relief. Rydberg atom sensor has rapidly developed in recent years, capitalizing on its calibration-free…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Yipeng Xie , Mingwei Lei , Meng Shi

Atom-based radio frequency electromagnetic field sensing using atomic Rydberg states is a promising technique that has recently attracted significant interest. Its unique advantages, such as extraordinary bandwidth, self-calibration and…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Katelyn Dixon , Kent Nickerson , Donald W. Booth , James P. Shaffer

Radio frequencies in the HF and VHF (3 MHz to 300 MHz) bands are challenging for Rydberg atom-based detection schemes, as resonant detection requires exciting the atoms to extremely high energy states. We demonstrate a method for detecting…

Rydberg atom,which exhibits a strong response to weak electric(E) fields,is regarded as a promising atomic receiver to surpass sensitivity of conventional receivers. However, its sensitivity is strongly limited by the noise coming from both…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Bo Wu , Ruiqi Mao , Yi Liu , Di Sang , Yanli Zhou , Yi Lin , Qiang An , Yunqi Fu

Rydberg electric field sensors exploit the large number of Rydberg resonances to provide sensitivity over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. However, due to the difficulty of accessing resonant Rydberg states at ultra-high…

We demonstrate simultaneous detection of radio-frequency (RF) fields ranging from the very high-frequency (VHF) band (128 MHz) to terahertz frequencies (0.61 THz) using a caesium Rydberg-atom receiver. The RF fields are concurrently applied…

Electric field sensors based on Rydberg atoms offer unique capabilities, relative to traditional sensors, for detecting radio-frequency signals. In this work, we demonstrate simultaneous demodulation and detection of five rf tones spanning…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 David H. Meyer , Joshua C. Hill , Paul D. Kunz , Kevin C. Cox

The exploitation of sub-MHz (\textless 1 MHz) can be beneficial for a plethora of applications like underwater vehicular communication, subsurface exploration, low-frequency navigation etc. The traditional electrical receivers in this band…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-24 Minze Chen , Tianqi Mao , Wei Xiao , Zhonghuai Wu , Dapeng Li , Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Dezhi Zheng , Kaibin Huang , Zhaocheng Wang

While Rydberg atoms have shown tremendous potential to serve as accurate and sensitive detectors of microwaves and millimeter waves, their response is generally limited to a single narrow frequency band around a chosen microwave transition.…

Rydberg atoms, with their giant electric dipole moments and tunable energy-level transitions, offer exceptional potential for microwave (MW) electric field sensing, combining high sensitivity and broad frequency coverage. However,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Yuhan Yan , Bowen Yang , Xuejie Li , Haojie Zhao , Binghong Yu , Jianliao Deng , L. Q. Chen , Huadong Cheng

In this article we describe the basic principles of Rydberg atom-based RF sensing and present the development of atomic pulsed RF detection and RF phase sensing establishing capabilities pertinent to applications in communications and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-12 David Alexander Anderson , Rachel Elizabeth Sapiro , Georg Raithel

Rydberg atomic receivers hold extremely high sensitivity to electric fields, yet their effective 3-dB baseband bandwidth under conventional electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is typically constrained to tens to a few hundreds of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yuanbin Chen , Chau Yuen , Chong Meng Samson See

We demonstrate a continuous frequency electric field measurement based on the far off-resonant AC stark effect in a Rydberg atomic vapor cell. In this configuration, a strong far off-resonant field, denoted as a local oscillator (LO) field,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-01-16 Jinlian Hu , Huaqiang Li , Rong Song , Jingxu Bai , Yuechun Jiao , Jianming Zhao , Suotang Jia

The electric field measurement sensitivity based on the Rydberg atomic vapor cell has great theoretical advantages over traditional dipole antennas. We combine the Rydberg atomic heterodyne receiver and the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI)…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-09-29 Shanchi Wu , Chen Gong , Rui Ni

We provide an experimental demonstration of a direct fiber-optic link for RF transmission ("radio-over-fiber") using a sensitive optical antenna based on a rubidium vapor cell. The scheme relies on measuring the transmission of laser light…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-05-29 A. B. Deb , N. Kjærgaard

Microwave sensing has important applications in areas such as data communication and remote sensing, so it has received much attention from international academia, industry, and governments. Atomic wireless sensing uses the strong response…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-05-29 Bang Liu , Li-Hua Zhang , Zong-Kai Liu , Zi-An Deng , Dong-Sheng Ding , Bao-Sen Shi , Guang-Can Guo

In a typical Rydberg mixer, modulated communication signals are detected using a radio frequency (RF) heterodyne technique. The mixer outputs an intermediate frequency (IF), which must be filtered and mixed down to baseband. In this work,…