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The ability to generalize to previously unseen tasks with little to no supervision is a key challenge in modern machine learning research. It is also a cornerstone of a future "General AI". Any artificially intelligent agent deployed in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Xihan Bian , Oscar Mendez , Simon Hadfield

State-of-the-art machine learning methods exhibit limited compositional generalization. At the same time, there is a lack of realistic benchmarks that comprehensively measure this ability, which makes it challenging to find and evaluate…

While mainstream machine learning methods are known to have limited ability to compositionally generalize, new architectures and techniques continue to be proposed to address this limitation. We investigate state-of-the-art techniques and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Daniel Furrer , Marc van Zee , Nathan Scales , Nathanael Schärli

Recent diagnostic datasets on compositional generalization, such as SCAN (Lake and Baroni, 2018) and COGS (Kim and Linzen, 2020), expose severe problems in models trained from scratch on these datasets. However, in contrast to this poor…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Xiang Zhou , Yichen Jiang , Mohit Bansal

Sequence to Sequence models struggle at compositionality and systematic generalisation even while they excel at many other tasks. We attribute this limitation to their failure to internalise constructions conventionalised form meaning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ganesh Katrapati , Manish Shrivastava

The goal of compositional generalization benchmarks is to evaluate how well models generalize to new complex linguistic expressions. Existing benchmarks often focus on lexical generalization, the interpretation of novel lexical items in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Bingzhi Li , Lucia Donatelli , Alexander Koller , Tal Linzen , Yuekun Yao , Najoung Kim

Deep learning models struggle with systematic compositional generalization, a hallmark of human cognition. We propose \textsc{Mirage}, a neuro-inspired dual-process model that offers a processing account for this ability. It combines a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Alex Noviello , Claas Beger , Jacob Groner , Kevin Ellis , Weinan Sun

Compositional generalization-a key open challenge in modern machine learning-requires models to predict unknown combinations of known concepts. However, assessing compositional generalization remains a fundamental challenge due to the lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Giacomo Camposampiero , Pietro Barbiero , Michael Hersche , Roger Wattenhofer , Abbas Rahimi

We provide a study of how induced model sparsity can help achieve compositional generalization and better sample efficiency in grounded language learning problems. We consider simple language-conditioned navigation problems in a grid world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Sam Spilsbury , Alexander Ilin

A rapidly growing body of research on compositional generalization investigates the ability of a semantic parser to dynamically recombine linguistic elements seen in training into unseen sequences. We present a systematic comparison of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Pia Weißenhorn , Yuekun Yao , Lucia Donatelli , Alexander Koller

Compositional generalization is a basic mechanism in human language learning, which current neural networks struggle with. A recently proposed Disentangled sequence-to-sequence model (Dangle) shows promising generalization capability by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Hao Zheng , Mirella Lapata

Despite the success of sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models in semantic parsing, recent work has shown that they fail in compositional generalization, i.e., the ability to generalize to new structures built of components observed during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Jonathan Herzig , Jonathan Berant

In tasks like semantic parsing, instruction following, and question answering, standard deep networks fail to generalize compositionally from small datasets. Many existing approaches overcome this limitation with model architectures that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Ekin Akyürek , Jacob Andreas

Systematic generalization is the ability to combine known parts into novel meaning; an important aspect of efficient human learning, but a weakness of neural network learning. In this work, we investigate how two well-known modeling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Laura Ruis , Brenden Lake

Compositional generalization is the capability of a model to understand novel compositions composed of seen concepts. There are multiple levels of novel compositions including phrase-phrase level, phrase-word level, and word-word level.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Chuanhao Li , Zhen Li , Chenchen Jing , Xiaomeng Fan , Wenbo Ye , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia

Flexible neural sequence models outperform grammar- and automaton-based counterparts on a variety of tasks. However, neural models perform poorly in settings requiring compositional generalization beyond the training data -- particularly to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Ekin Akyürek , Afra Feyza Akyürek , Jacob Andreas

Lake and Baroni (2018) recently introduced the SCAN data set, which consists of simple commands paired with action sequences and is intended to test the strong generalization abilities of recurrent sequence-to-sequence models. Their initial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Jasmijn Bastings , Marco Baroni , Jason Weston , Kyunghyun Cho , Douwe Kiela

While sequence-to-sequence models have shown remarkable generalization power across several natural language tasks, their construct of solutions are argued to be less compositional than human-like generalization. In this paper, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Kris Korrel , Dieuwke Hupkes , Verna Dankers , Elia Bruni

One of the key factors in language productivity and human cognition is the ability of systematic compositionality, which refers to understanding composed unseen examples of seen primitives. However, recent evidence reveals that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Chen Huang , Peixin Qin , Wenqiang Lei , Jiancheng Lv

Systematic compositionality is the ability to recombine meaningful units with regular and predictable outcomes, and it's seen as key to humans' capacity for generalization in language. Recent work has studied systematic compositionality in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-20 João Loula , Marco Baroni , Brenden M. Lake