Related papers: Space-charge effects in the field-assisted thermio…
We study a model electrochemical thin film at dc currents exceeding the classical diffusion-limited value. The mathematical problem involves the steady Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for a binary electrolyte with nonlinear boundary…
Large liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs), especially those operating near the surface, are susceptible to space charge effects. In the context of LArTPCs, the space charge effect is the build-up of slow-moving positive ions in…
We study the finite temperature and edge induced effects on the charge and current densities for a massive spinor field localized on a 2D conical space threaded by a magnetic flux. The field operator is constrained on a circular boundary,…
Laser accelerators can provide proton beams with unique qualities, such as micron size, picosecond pulse duration and high peak current, and have been demonstrated for various applications and for scientific research purposes. The effect of…
The nonlinear space-charge effects in a high intensity or high brightness accelerator can have a significant impact on the beam properties through the accelerator. These effects are included in the accelerator design via self-consistent…
A one-dimensional (1D) model has been constructed to study the transition of the time-dependent ultrafast laser photo-electron emission from a flat metallic surface to the space charge limited (SCL) current, including the effect of…
Advances in electron beam technology have been central to creating the current generation of x-ray free electron lasers and ultra-fast electron microscopes. These once exotic devices have become essential tools for basic research and…
Five parameters of a model of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cathode (the porosity of the gas diffusion layer, the porosity of the catalyst layer, the exchange current density of the oxygen reduction reaction, the effective ionic…
In (pre)-planetary environments, dust and sand grains regularly collide. They electrically charge and discharge during these events. In this work, we study if cosmic radiation has any influence on the equilibrium charge state on timescales…
The maximum current that can be transported across a vacuum diode is limited by forces arising due to space charge. In a planar diode configuration, the space charge limited (SCL) current density from a planar emitting patch is given by the…
The effect of the electron transverse and longitudinal velocity spread at the entrance to the interaction space on wide-band chaotic oscillations in intense multiple-velocity beams is studied theoretically and numerically under the…
By considering the changes in the interface charge-carrier densities of a single-carrier device as a function of injection-barrier heights and comparing these to the equilibrium, background charge-carrier density of a device with Ohmic…
Multi-stage cathodes are promising candidates for field emission due to the multiplicative effect in local field predicted by the Schottky conjecture and its recent corrected counterpart [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 38, 023208 (2020)]. Due to…
Quantum vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field in empty space seem not to produce observable effects over the motion of a charged test particle. However, when a change in the background vacuum state is implemented, as for instance…
We stack maps of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect produced by the Planck Collaboration around the centers of cosmic voids defined by the distribution of galaxies in the CMASS sample of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey,…
A drastic cumulation of current density caused by electrostatic repulsion in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation…
We review a model for a solid electrolyte derived under thermodynamics principles. We non-dimensionalise and scale the model to identify small parameters, where we identify a scaling that controls the width of the space-charge layer in the…
Flat-beam transforms (FBTs) provide a technique for controlling the emittance partitioning between the beam's two transverse dimensions. To date, nearly all FBT studies have been in regimes where the beam's own space-charge effects can be…
Pump-and-probe photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) with femtosecond pulsed sources opens new perspectives in the investigation of the ultrafast dynamics of physical and chemical processes at the surfaces and interfaces of solids. Nevertheless,…
Laser-driven Plasma Accelerators (LPA) have successfully generated high energy, high charge electron bunches which can reach many kA peak current, over short distances. Space charge issues, even in transport lines as simple as a drift…