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Research on intelligent tutoring systems has been exploring data-driven methods to deliver effective adaptive assistance. While much work has been done to provide adaptive assistance when students seek help, they may not seek help…
Generating hints for incorrect code is a cognitively demanding task that fosters learning and metacognitive development. This study investigates three designs for personalized, scalable, and reflective hint-writing activities within a data…
Our research is a step toward ascertaining the need for personalization, in XAI, and we do so in the context of investigating the value of explanations of AI-driven hints and feedback are useful in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS). We…
The kind of help a student receives during a task has been shown to play a significant role in their learning process. We designed an interaction scenario with a robotic tutor, in real-life settings based on an inquiry-based learning task.…
Research has shown assistance can provide many benefits to novices lacking the mental models needed for problem solving in a new domain. However, varying approaches to assistance, such as subgoals and next-step hints, have been implemented…
The paper extends an existing Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) that supports students' learning via AI-driven personalized hints and can generate explanations to justify why/how the hints were generated. In this work, we investigate…
Automated tutoring systems offer the flexibility and scalability necessary to facilitate the provision of high quality and universally accessible programming education. In order to realise the full potential of these systems, recent work…
This chapter explores the evolution of data-driven hint generation for intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). The Hint Factory and Interaction Networks have enabled the generation of next-step hints, waypoints, and strategic subgoals from…
Determining when and whether to provide personalized support is a well-known challenge called the assistance dilemma. A core problem in solving the assistance dilemma is the need to discover when students are unproductive so that the tutor…
Automated feedback generation plays a crucial role in enhancing personalized learning experiences in computer science education. Among different types of feedback, next-step hint feedback is particularly important, as it provides students…
Generative AI tools, such as AI-generated hints, are increasingly integrated into programming education to offer timely, personalized support. However, little is known about how to effectively leverage these hints while ensuring autonomous…
Intelligent tutoring systems can support students in solving multi-step tasks by providing hints regarding what to do next. However, engineering such next-step hints manually or via an expert model becomes infeasible if the space of…
Digital education has gained popularity in the last decade, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. With the improving capabilities of large language models to reason and communicate with users, envisioning intelligent tutoring systems…
LLMs are reshaping education, with students increasingly relying on them for learning. Implemented using general-purpose models, these systems are likely to give away the answers, potentially undermining conceptual understanding and…
Timely and high-quality feedback is essential for effective learning in programming courses; yet, providing such support at scale remains a challenge. While AI-based systems offer scalable and immediate help, their responses can…
The growing adoption of generative AI in education highlights the need to integrate established pedagogical principles into AI-assisted learning environments. This study investigates the potential of metacognitive theory to inform…
We examined the efficacy of AI-assisted learning in an introductory programming course at the university level by using a GPT-4 model to generate personalized hints for compiler errors within a platform for automated assessment of…
Generating commonsense assertions within a given story context remains a difficult task for modern language models. Previous research has addressed this problem by aligning commonsense inferences with stories and training language…
An Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) has been shown to improve students' learning outcomes by providing a personalized curriculum that addresses individual needs of every student. However, despite the effectiveness and efficiency that ITS…
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have shown great potential in delivering personalized and adaptive education, but their widespread adoption has been hindered by the need for specialized programming and design skills. Existing approaches…