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A key enabler of deploying convolutional neural networks on resource-constrained embedded systems is the binary neural network (BNN). BNNs save on memory and simplify computation by binarizing both features and weights. Unfortunately,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Floran de Putter , Henk Corporaal

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) show great promise for real-world embedded devices. As one of the critical steps to achieve a powerful BNN, the scale factor calculation plays an essential role in reducing the performance gap to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Sheng Xu , Yanjing Li , Tiancheng Wang , Teli Ma , Baochang Zhang , Peng Gao , Yu Qiao , Jinhu Lv , Guodong Guo

This paper proposes a novel binarized weight network (BT) for a resource-efficient neural structure. The proposed model estimates a binary representation of weights by taking into account the approximation error with an additional term.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Savas Ozkan , Gozde Bozdagi Akar

Batch normalization (BN) is a key facilitator and considered essential for state-of-the-art binary neural networks (BNN). However, the BN layer is costly to calculate and is typically implemented with non-binary parameters, leaving a hurdle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Tianlong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Xu Ouyang , Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Zhangyang Wang

In the low-bit quantization field, training Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) is the extreme solution to ease the deployment of deep models on resource-constrained devices, having the lowest storage cost and significantly cheaper bit-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yikai Wang , Yi Yang , Fuchun Sun , Anbang Yao

The best performing Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are usually attained using Adam optimization and its multi-step training variants. However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies explore the fundamental reasons why Adam is superior to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Zechun Liu , Zhiqiang Shen , Shichao Li , Koen Helwegen , Dong Huang , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) rely on a real-valued auxiliary variable W to help binary training. However, pioneering binary works only use W to accumulate gradient updates during backward propagation, which can not fully exploit its power…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Weixiang Xu , Qiang Chen , Xiangyu He , Peisong Wang , Jian Cheng

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have recently demonstrated high-quality results in single-image super-resolution (SR). DCNNs often suffer from over-parametrization and large amounts of redundancy, which results in inefficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Yinglan Ma , Hongyu Xiong , Zhe Hu , Lizhuang Ma

Optimizing deep neural networks (DNNs) often suffers from the ill-conditioned problem. We observe that the scaling-based weight space symmetry property in rectified nonlinear network will cause this negative effect. Therefore, we propose to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Lei Huang , Xianglong Liu , Bo Lang , Bo Li

Binary neural network (BNN) is an extreme quantization version of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with all features and weights mapped to just 1-bit. Although BNN saves a lot of memory and computation demand to make CNN applicable on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Xulong Shi , Zhi Qi , Jiaxuan Cai , Keqi Fu , Yaru Zhao , Zan Li , Xuanyu Liu , Hao Liu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) produce state-of-art performance on many machine learning tasks but their demand on resources in terms of memory and computational power are often high. Therefore, there is a great interest in optimizing the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Joachim Ott , Zhouhan Lin , Ying Zhang , Shih-Chii Liu , Yoshua Bengio

Neural networks with binary weights are computation-efficient and hardware-friendly, but their training is challenging because it involves a discrete optimization problem. Surprisingly, ignoring the discrete nature of the problem and using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Xiangming Meng , Roman Bachmann , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan

Binary neural networks (BNN) have been studied extensively since they run dramatically faster at lower memory and power consumption than floating-point networks, thanks to the efficiency of bit operations. However, contemporary BNNs whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Shilin Zhu , Xin Dong , Hao Su

Recent results show that deep neural networks achieve excellent performance even when, during training, weights are quantized and projected to a binary representation. Here, we show that this is just the tip of the iceberg: these same…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Paul Merolla , Rathinakumar Appuswamy , John Arthur , Steve K. Esser , Dharmendra Modha

Weight and activation binarization can efficiently compress deep neural networks and accelerate model inference, but cause severe accuracy degradation. Existing optimization methods for binary neural networks (BNNs) focus on fitting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Ping Xue , Yang Lu , Jingfei Chang , Xing Wei , Zhen Wei

The binary neural network, largely saving the storage and computation, serves as a promising technique for deploying deep models on resource-limited devices. However, the binarization inevitably causes severe information loss, and even…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Haotong Qin , Ruihao Gong , Xianglong Liu , Xiao Bai , Jingkuan Song , Nicu Sebe

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are difficult to train, and suffer from drop of accuracy. It appears in practice that BNNs fail to train in the absence of Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) layer. We find the main role of BatchNorm is to avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Eyyüb Sari , Mouloud Belbahri , Vahid Partovi Nia

We propose methods to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with both binarized weights and activations, leading to quantized models that are specifically friendly to mobile devices with limited power capacity and computation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Bohan Zhuang , Chunhua Shen , Mingkui Tan , Peng Chen , Lingqiao Liu , Ian Reid

This paper addresses how a recursive neural network model can automatically leave out useless information and emphasize important evidence, in other words, to perform "weight tuning" for higher-level representation acquisition. We propose…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-16 Jiwei Li

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) enable efficient deep learning by saving on storage and computational costs. However, as the size of neural networks continues to grow, meeting computational requirements remains a challenge. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Matt Gorbett , Hossein Shirazi , Indrakshi Ray