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Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections is a major challenge in quantum computing. Here, we present an approach based on applying a desired unitary computation in superposition between the system of interest and some auxiliary…

Digital zero-noise extrapolation (dZNE) has emerged as a common approach for quantum error mitigation (QEM) due to its conceptual simplicity, accessibility, and resource efficiency. In practice, however, properly applying dZNE to extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-21 Ritajit Majumdar , Pedro Rivero , Friederike Metz , Areeq Hasan , Derek S Wang

Recent experimental breakthroughs have signalled the imminent arrival of the early fault-tolerant era. However, for a considerable period in the foreseeable future, relying solely on quantum error correction for full error suppression will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Kecheng Liu , Zhenyu Cai

Despite significant efforts, the realization of the hybrid quantum-classical algorithms has predominantly been confined to proof-of-principles, mainly due to the hardware noise. With fault-tolerant implementation being a long-term goal,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Srushti Patil , Dibyendu Mondal , Rahul Maitra

The accumulation of noise in quantum computers is the dominant issue stymieing the push of quantum algorithms beyond their classical counterparts. We do not expect to be able to afford the overhead required for quantum error correction in…

We derive a threshold result for fault-tolerant quantum computation for local non-Markovian noise models. The role of error amplitude in our analysis is played by the product of the elementary gate time t_0 and the spectral width of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Barbara M. Terhal , Guido Burkard

Probabilistic error cancellation is a quantum error mitigation technique capable of producing unbiased computation results but requires an accurate error model. Constructing this model involves estimating a set of parameters, which, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Haipeng Xie , Nobuyuki Yoshioka , Kento Tsubouchi , Ying Li

Certifying the performance of quantum computers requires standardized tests. We propose a simple energy estimation benchmark that is motivated from quantum chemistry. With this benchmark we statistically characterize the noisy outcome of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Andreas J. C. Woitzik , Lukas Hoffmann , Andreas Buchleitner , Edoardo G. Carnio

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary quantum algorithms research. Practical implementations of these algorithms, despite offering certain levels of robustness against systematic errors, show a decline…

One of the central problems for near-term quantum devices is to understand their ultimate potential and limitations. We address this problem in terms of quantum error mitigation by introducing a framework taking into account the full…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-24 Ryuji Takagi

Quantum annealing (QA) is one of the efficient methods to calculate the ground-state energy of a problem Hamiltonian. In the absence of noise, QA can accurately estimate the ground-state energy if the adiabatic condition is satisfied.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-18 Yuta Shingu , Tetsuro Nikuni , Shiro Kawabata , Yuichiro Matsuzaki

We investigate the coherence and non-Markovianity of a quantum tunneling system whose barrier is fluctuated by a telegraph noise, and its energy gap is modulated by Gaussian noise. With the help of averaging method, the system dynamics are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Nisreen Mohammed Mahdi , Arzu Kurt , Ferdi Altintas

Quantum error correction protects quantum information against environmental noise. When using qubits, a measure of quality of a code is the maximum number of errors that it is able to correct. We show that a suitable notion of ``number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme , Lorenza Viola

Quantum systems, in general, output data that cannot be simulated efficiently by a classical computer, and hence is useful for solving certain mathematical problems and simulating quantum many-body systems. This also implies, unfortunately,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Keisuke Fujii , Masahito Hayashi

As quantum simulators are scaled up to larger system sizes and lower noise rates, non-Markovian noise channels are expected to become dominant. While provably efficient protocols for Markovian models of quantum simulators, either closed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Jordi A. Montañà-López , Andreas Elben , Joonhee Choi , Rahul Trivedi

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

We present a novel method for simulating the noisy behaviour of quantum computers, which allows to efficiently incorporate environmental effects in the driven evolution implementing the gates acting on the qubits. We show how to modify the…

Major obstacles remain to the implementation of macroscopic quantum computing: hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling; software problems of error correction; and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-17 Nathan Thompson , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

Quantum computing promises a disruptive impact on machine learning algorithms, taking advantage of the exponentially large Hilbert space available. However, it is not clear how to scale quantum machine learning (QML) to industrial-level…

In this paper, we derive optimized measurement-free protocols for quantum error correction and the implementation of a universal gate set optimized for an error model that is noise biased . The noise bias is adapted for neutral atom…