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Unrooted phylogenetic networks are graphs used to represent evolutionary relationships. Accurately reconstructing such networks is of great relevance for evolutionary biology. It has recently been conjectured that all phylogenetic networks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Péter L. Erdős , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones

Phylogenetic networks are becoming of increasing interest to evolutionary biologists due to their ability to capture complex non-treelike evolutionary processes. From a combinatorial point of view, such networks are certain types of rooted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Katharina T. Huber , Guillaume E. Scholz

A chief problem in phylogenetics and database theory is the computation of a maximum consistent tree from a set of rooted or unrooted trees. A standard input are triplets, rooted binary trees on three leaves, or quartets, unrooted binary…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-05-31 Leo van Iersel , Matthias Mnich

Phylogenetic trees and networks are leaf-labelled graphs used to model evolution. Display graphs are created by identifying common leaf labels in two or more phylogenetic trees or networks. The treewidth of such graphs is bounded as a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Remie Janssen , Mark Jones , Steven Kelk , Georgios Stamoulis , Taoyang Wu

It was recently shown that a large class of phylogenetic networks, the `labellable' networks, is in bijection with the set of `expanding' covers of finite sets. In this paper, we show how several prominent classes of phylogenetic networks…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-11 Andrew Francis , Daniele Marchei , Mike Steel

Given a rooted, binary phylogenetic network and a rooted, binary phylogenetic tree, can the tree be embedded into the network? This problem, called \textsc{Tree Containment}, arises when validating networks constructed by phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-14 Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Mathias Weller

In this work, we answer an open problem in the study of phylogenetic networks. Phylogenetic trees are rooted binary trees in which all edges are directed away from the root, whereas phylogenetic networks are rooted acyclic digraphs. For the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-11-12 Andreas D. M. Gunawan , Bhaskar DasGupta , Louxin Zhang

Recently, so-called treebased phylogenetic networks have gained considerable interest in the literature, where a treebased network is a network that can be constructed from a phylogenetic tree, called the base tree, by adding additional…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-28 Mareike Fischer , Michelle Galla , Lina Herbst , Yangjing Long , Kristina Wicke

In phylogenetics, evolution is traditionally represented in a tree-like manner. However, phylogenetic networks can be more appropriate for representing evolutionary events such as hybridization, horizontal gene transfer, and others. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Manuel Lafond , Vincent Moulton

In phylogenetics, phylogenetic trees are rooted binary trees, whereas phylogenetic networks are rooted arbitrary acyclic digraphs. Edges are directed away from the root and leaves are uniquely labeled with taxa in phylogenetic networks. For…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-30 Andreas DM Gunawan , Bhaskar DasGupta , Louxin Zhang

The reconstruction of phylogenetic networks is an important but challenging problem in phylogenetics and genome evolution, as the space of phylogenetic networks is vast and cannot be sampled well. One approach to the problem is to solve the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-14 Louxin Zhang , Niloufar Abhari , Caroline Colijn , Yufeng Wu

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that allow for the representation of non-treelike evolutionary events, like recombination, hybridization, or lateral gene transfer. In this paper, we present and study a new…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-08-28 Gabriel Cardona , Francesc Rossello , Gabriel Valiente

Phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms. One of the main challenges in the field is to take biological data for a group of organisms and to infer an evolutionary tree, a graph that represents these…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-06-05 Elizabeth Gross , Colby Long , Joseph Rusinko

Maximum parsimony is one of the most frequently-discussed tree reconstruction methods in phylogenetic estimation. However, in recent years it has become more and more apparent that phylogenetic trees are often not sufficient to describe…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-25 Christopher Bryant , Mareike Fischer , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that are used to represent reticulate evolution. Unrooted phylogenetic networks form a special class of such networks, which naturally generalize unrooted phylogenetic trees.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-01-11 Katharina T. Huber , Vincent Moulton , Taoyang Wu

A binary phylogenetic network may or may not be obtainable from a tree by the addition of directed edges (arcs) between tree arcs. Here, we establish a precise and easily tested criterion (based on `2-SAT') that efficiently determines…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-25 Andrew R. Francis , Mike Steel

Phylogenetic networks provide a way to describe and visualize evolutionary histories that have undergone so-called reticulate evolutionary events such as recombination, hybridization or horizontal gene transfer. The level k of a network…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-07-21 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Matthias Mnich

One strategy for reconstruction of phylogenetic networks is to solve the phylogenetic network problem, which involves inferring phylogenetic trees first and subsequently computing the smallest phylogenetic network that displays all the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Laurent Bulteau , Louxin Zhang

Phylogenetic networks are used to represent the evolutionary history of species. They are versatile when compared to traditional phylogenetic trees, as they capture more complex evolutionary events such as hybridization and horizontal gene…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-18 Shunsuke Maeda , Yusuke Kaneko , Hideaki Muramatsu , Yukihiro Murakami , Momoko Hayamizu

In evolutionary biology, phylogenetic networks are graphs that provide a flexible framework for representing complex evolutionary histories that involve reticulate evolutionary events. Recently phylogenetic studies have started to focus on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-17 Niels Holtgrefe , Katharina T. Huber , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones , Vincent Moulton