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Related papers: A Systematic Review on Model Watermarking for Neur…

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Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate general intelligence across a variety of machine learning tasks, thereby enhancing the commercial value of their intellectual property (IP). To protect this IP, model owners typically allow user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Kaiyi Pang , Tao Qi , Chuhan Wu , Minhao Bai , Minghu Jiang , Yongfeng Huang

Amidst rising concerns about the internet being proliferated with content generated from language models (LMs), watermarking is seen as a principled way to certify whether text was generated from a model. Many recent watermarking techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Saksham Rastogi , Danish Pruthi

With the wide application of deep neural networks, it is important to verify a host's possession over a deep neural network model and protect the model. To meet this goal, various mechanisms have been designed. By embedding extra…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Fang-Qi Li , Shi-Lin Wang , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising performance in various real-world applications. Building a powerful GNN model is not a trivial task, as it requires a large amount of training data, powerful computing resources, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Jing Xu , Stefanos Koffas , Oguzhan Ersoy , Stjepan Picek

Training machine learning (ML) models is expensive in terms of computational power, amounts of labeled data and human expertise. Thus, ML models constitute intellectual property (IP) and business value for their owners. Embedding digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Sebastian Szyller , Buse Gul Atli , Samuel Marchal , N. Asokan

In response to the growing popularity of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to solve problems in various industries, various malicious groups have started to target such techniques in their attack plan. However, as ML models are constantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shahinul Hoque , Farhin Farhad Riya , Yingyuan Yang , Jinyuan Sun

Machine learning models are being used in an increasing number of critical applications; thus, securing their integrity and ownership is critical. Recent studies observed that adversarial training and watermarking have a conflicting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Janvi Thakkar , Giulio Zizzo , Sergio Maffeis

The vast amounts of digital content captured from the real world or AI-generated media necessitate methods for copyright protection, traceability, or data provenance verification. Digital watermarking serves as a crucial approach to address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Vitaliy Kinakh , Brian Pulfer , Yury Belousov , Pierre Fernandez , Teddy Furon , Slava Voloshynovskiy

Despite the tremendous success, deep neural networks are exposed to serious IP infringement risks. Given a target deep model, if the attacker knows its full information, it can be easily stolen by fine-tuning. Even if only its output is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jie Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Jing Liao , Weiming Zhang , Huamin Feng , Gang Hua , Nenghai Yu

With the rise of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms,safeguarding the intellectual property of deep learning models is becoming paramount. Among various protective measures, trigger set watermarking has emerged as a flexible and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wentao Hu , Fangqi Li , Ju Jia , Shilin Wang

The use of machine learning (ML) has become increasingly prevalent in various domains, highlighting the importance of understanding and ensuring its safety. One pressing concern is the vulnerability of ML applications to model stealing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ganghua Wang , Yuhong Yang , Jie Ding

Deep Learning (DL) models have caused a paradigm shift in our ability to comprehend raw data in various important fields, ranging from intelligence warfare and healthcare to autonomous transportation and automated manufacturing. A practical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Bita Darvish Rouhani , Huili Chen , Farinaz Koushanfar

Technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT) facilitate digital contents such as images being acquired in a massive way. However, consideration from the privacy or legislation perspective still demands the need for intellectual content…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Yurui Ming , Weiping Ding , Zehong Cao , Chin-Teng Lin

DNNs shall be considered as the intellectual property (IP) of the model builder due to the impeding cost of designing/training a highly accurate model. Research attempts have been made to protect the authorship of the trained model and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Huili Chen , Bita Darvish Rouhani , Xinwei Fan , Osman Cihan Kilinc , Farinaz Koushanfar

Protecting the Intellectual Property rights of DNN models is of primary importance prior to their deployment. So far, the proposed methods either necessitate changes to internal model parameters or the machine learning pipeline, or they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Kassem Kallas , Teddy Furon

Securing digital text is becoming increasingly relevant due to the widespread use of large language models. Individuals' fear of losing control over data when it is being used to train such machine learning models or when distinguishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Malte Hellmeier

Deep neural networks are valuable assets considering their commercial benefits and huge demands for costly annotation and computation resources. To protect the copyright of DNNs, backdoor-based ownership verification becomes popular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Guanhao Gan , Yiming Li , Dongxian Wu , Shu-Tao Xia

With the broad application of deep neural networks, the necessity of protecting them as intellectual properties has become evident. Numerous watermarking schemes have been proposed to identify the owner of a deep neural network and verify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Fang-Qi Li , Shi-Lin Wang , Alan Wee-Chung Liew

Copyright protection for large language models is of critical importance, given their substantial development costs, proprietary value, and potential for misuse. Existing surveys have predominantly focused on techniques for tracing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhenhua Xu , Xubin Yue , Zhebo Wang , Haobo Zhang , Qichen Liu , Xixiang Zhao , Jingxuan Zhang , Wenjun Zeng , Wengpeng Xing , Dezhang Kong , Changting Lin , Meng Han

Model fragile watermarking, inspired by both the field of adversarial attacks on neural networks and traditional multimedia fragile watermarking, has gradually emerged as a potent tool for detecting tampering, and has witnessed rapid…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Zhenzhe Gao , Yu Cheng , Zhaoxia Yin