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200 papers

Cross-situational word learning, wherein a learner combines information about possible meanings of a word across multiple exposures, has previously been shown to be a very powerful strategy to acquire a large lexicon in a short time.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-10-01 James Holehouse , Richard A. Blythe

Despite much research targeted at enabling conventional machine learning models to continually learn tasks and data distributions sequentially without forgetting the knowledge acquired, little effort has been devoted to account for more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Sandra Servia-Rodriguez , Cecilia Mascolo , Young D. Kwon

A recent approach based on Bayesian inverse planning for the "theory of mind" has shown good performance in modeling human cognition. However, perfect inverse planning differs from human cognition during one kind of complex tasks due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Ryo Nakahashi , Seiji Yamada

Non-Bayesian social learning theory provides a framework for distributed inference of a group of agents interacting over a social network by sequentially communicating and updating beliefs about the unknown state of the world through…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-25 James Z. Hare , Cesar Uribe , Lance Kaplan , Ali Jadbabaie

The development of new methods and representations for temporal decision-making requires a principled basis for characterizing and measuring the flexibility of decision strategies in the face of uncertainty. Our goal in this paper is to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Tom Chavez , Ross D. Shachter

This work investigates the ``small-vs-large gap'', where repeating on fewer samples can lead to compute saving during training compared to using a larger dataset. This is observed across algorithmic tasks, architectures and optimizers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jingwen Liu , Ezra Edelman , Surbhi Goel , Bingbin Liu

A model of the evolution of cognition is used to derive a Requirement Equation (RE), which defines what computations the fittest possible brain must make, or must choose actions as if it had made those computations. The terms in the RE…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-15 Robert Worden

A striking limitation of human cognition is our inability to execute some tasks simultaneously. Recent work suggests that such limitations can arise from a fundamental tradeoff in network architectures that is driven by the sharing of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-08 Yotam Sagiv , Sebastian Musslick , Yael Niv , Jonathan D. Cohen

Bayesian optimal experiments that maximize the information gained from collected data are critical to efficiently identify behavioral models. We extend a seminal method for designing Bayesian optimal experiments by introducing two…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-19 Stefano Balietti , Brennan Klein , Christoph Riedl

The brain constantly turns large flows of sensory information into selective representations of the environment. It, therefore, needs to learn to process those sensory inputs that are most relevant for behaviour. It is not well understood…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-10 Pouya Baniasadi

Continual learning is often motivated by the idea, known as the big world hypothesis, that "the world is bigger" than the agent. Recent problem formulations capture this idea by explicitly constraining an agent relative to the environment.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Alex Lewandowski , Adtiya A. Ramesh , Edan Meyer , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

Recent physiological measurements have provided clear evidence about scale-free avalanche brain activity and EEG spectra, feeding the classical enigma of how such a chaotic system can ever learn or respond in a controlled and reproducible…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-18 Lucilla de Arcangelis , Hans J. Herrmann

We explore the emergence of intelligent behavior in artificial systems by investigating how the complexity of rule-based systems influences the capabilities of models trained to predict these rules. Our study focuses on elementary cellular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shiyang Zhang , Aakash Patel , Syed A Rizvi , Nianchen Liu , Sizhuang He , Amin Karbasi , Emanuele Zappala , David van Dijk

Bayesian inference has theoretical attractions as a principled framework for reasoning about beliefs. However, the motivations of Bayesian inference which claim it to be the only 'rational' kind of reasoning do not apply in practice. They…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-14 Sebastian Farquhar

Agents that interact with other agents often do not know a priori what the other agents' strategies are, but have to maximise their own online return while interacting with and learning about others. The optimal adaptive behaviour under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Luisa Zintgraf , Sam Devlin , Kamil Ciosek , Shimon Whiteson , Katja Hofmann

Adaptive behavior emerges through a dynamic interaction between cognitive agents and changing environmental demands. The investigation of information processing underlying adaptive behavior relies on controlled experimental settings in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-30 Marco D'Alessandro , Stefan T. Radev , Andreas Voss , Luigi Lombardi

Catastrophic forgetting has been the leading issue in the domain of lifelong learning in artificial systems. Current artificial systems are reasonably good at learning domains they have seen before; however, as soon as they encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Ram Zaveri

Scenarios requiring humans to choose from multiple seemingly optimal actions are commonplace, however standard imitation learning often fails to capture this behavior. Instead, an over-reliance on replicating expert actions induces…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Hanbit Oh , Hikaru Sasaki , Brendan Michael , Takamitsu Matsubara

Contemporary machine learning methods will try to approach the Bayes error, as it is the lowest possible error any model can achieve. This paper postulates that any decision is composed of not one but two Bayesian decisions and that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Stefan Jaeger

Learning to navigate unknown environments from scratch is a challenging problem. This work presents a system that integrates world models with curiosity-driven exploration for autonomous navigation in new environments. We evaluate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Daria de Tinguy , Sven Remmery , Pietro Mazzaglia , Tim Verbelen , Bart Dhoedt