Related papers: On One-way Functions and Kolmogorov Complexity

In this work, we introduce a novel variant of the multivariate quadratic problem, which is at the core of one of the most promising post-quantum alternatives: multivariate cryptography. In this variant, the solution of a given multivariate…

Diverse applications of Kolmogorov complexity to learning [CIKK16], circuit complexity [OPS19], cryptography [LP20], average-case complexity [Hir21], and proof search [Kra22] have been discovered in recent years. Since the running time of…

We consider a version of the nearest-codeword problem on finite fields $\mathbb{F}_q$ using the Manhattan distance, an analog of the Hamming metric for non-binary alphabets. Similarly to other lattice related problems, this problem is…

We show a simple reduction which demonstrates the cryptographic hardness of learning a single periodic neuron over isotropic Gaussian distributions in the presence of noise. More precisely, our reduction shows that any polynomial-time…

Quantum no-cloning theorem gives rise to the intriguing possibility of quantum copy protection where we encode a program or functionality in a quantum state such that a user in possession of k copies cannot create k+1 copies, for any k.…

In this paper we present the first deterministic polynomial time algorithm for determining the existence of a Hamiltonian cycle and finding a Hamiltonian cycle in general graphs. Our algorithm can also solve the Hamiltonian path problem in…

Hardcore functions have been used as a technical tool to construct secure cryptographic systems; however, little is known on their quantum counterpart, called quantum hardcore functions. With a new insight into fundamental properties of…

In this paper, we develop algorithms for computing the recurrence coefficients corresponding to multiple orthogonal polynomials on the step-line. We reformulate the problem as an inverse eigenvalue problem, which can be solved using…

Kolmogorov complexity and algorithmic probability are defined only up to an additive resp. multiplicative constant, since their actual values depend on the choice of the universal reference computer. In this paper, we analyze a natural…

We say that a function is rare-case hard against a given class of algorithms (the adversary) if all algorithms in the class can compute the function only on an $o(1)$-fraction of instances of size $n$ for large enough $n$. Starting from any…

In this paper we present the computational model underlying the one-way quantum computer which we introduced recently [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5188 (2001)]. The one-way quantum computer has the property that any quantum logic network can be…

The disjoint paths problem is a fundamental problem in algorithmic graph theory and combinatorial optimization. For a given graph $G$ and a set of $k$ pairs of terminals in $G$, it asks for the existence of $k$ vertex-disjoint paths…

We initiate the study of multi-party computation for classical functionalities (in the plain model) with security against malicious polynomial-time quantum adversaries. We observe that existing techniques readily give a polynomial-round…

An interesting challenge for the cryptography community is to design authentication protocols that are so simple that a human can execute them without relying on a fully trusted computer. We propose several candidate authentication…

In this paper, we propose new classes of trapdoor functions to solve the closest vector problem in lattices. Specifically, we construct lattices based on properties of polynomials for which the closest vector problem is hard to solve unless…

We introduce and analyze a novel class of binary operations on finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field K, defined by second-order multilinear expressions with linear shifts. These operations generate polynomials whose degree increases…

Type-two constructions abound in cryptography: adversaries for encryption and authentication schemes, if active, are modeled as algorithms having access to oracles, i.e. as second-order algorithms. But how about making cryptographic schemes…

Capacitated k-median is one of the few outstanding optimization problems for which the existence of a polynomial time constant factor approximation algorithm remains an open problem. In a series of recent papers algorithms producing…

We develop conjectures and theorems expressing the idea that the prime sequence exhibits computational irreducibility in the transition from one prime to its successor. Informally, given a prime pp p, no general algorithm can compute the…

I study the class of problems efficiently solvable by a quantum computer, given the ability to "postselect" on the outcomes of measurements. I prove that this class coincides with a classical complexity class called PP, or Probabilistic…