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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples which contain human-imperceptible perturbations. A series of defending methods, either proactive defence or reactive defence, have been proposed in the recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Derek Wang , Chaoran Li , Sheng Wen , Surya Nepal , Yang Xiang

Reducing the memory footprint of Machine Learning (ML) models, particularly Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), is essential to enable their deployment into resource-constrained tiny devices. However, a disadvantage of DNN models is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Ferheen Ayaz , Idris Zakariyya , José Cano , Sye Loong Keoh , Jeremy Singer , Danilo Pau , Mounia Kharbouche-Harrari

Deep neural networks(DNNs) is vulnerable to be attacked by adversarial examples. Black-box attack is the most threatening attack. At present, black-box attack methods mainly adopt gradient-based iterative attack methods, which usually limit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Pengfei Xie , Linyuan Wang , Ruoxi Qin , Kai Qiao , Shuhao Shi , Guoen Hu , Bin Yan

Deep neural networks are powerful and popular learning models that achieve state-of-the-art pattern recognition performance on many computer vision, speech, and language processing tasks. However, these networks have also been shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-20 Nina Narodytska , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Machine-learning architectures, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: inputs crafted carefully to force the system output to a wrong label. Since machine-learning is being deployed in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Amira Guesmi , Ihsen Alouani , Khaled N. Khasawneh , Mouna Baklouti , Tarek Frikha , Mohamed Abid , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

To launch black-box attacks against a Deep Neural Network (DNN) based Face Recognition (FR) system, one needs to build \textit{substitute} models to simulate the target model, so the adversarial examples discovered from substitute models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Di Tang , XiaoFeng Wang , Kehuan Zhang

Deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can fool a target classifier by imposing imperceptible perturbations onto natural examples. In this work, we consider the practical and challenging decision-based black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Qi-An Fu , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

There has been recently a growing interest in studying adversarial examples on natural language models in the black-box setting. These methods attack natural language classifiers by perturbing certain important words until the classifier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Mahmoud Hossam , Trung Le , He Zhao , Viet Huynh , Dinh Phung

Reducing the memory footprint of Machine Learning (ML) models, especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), is imperative to facilitate their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. However, a notable drawback of DNN models lies in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Idris Zakariyya , Ferheen Ayaz , Mounia Kharbouche-Harrari , Jeremy Singer , Sye Loong Keoh , Danilo Pau , José Cano

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks even under a black-box setting where the adversary can only query the model. Particularly, query-based black-box adversarial attacks estimate adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Xin Wang , Kai Chen , Xingjun Ma , Zhineng Chen , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

We focus on the problem of black-box adversarial attacks, where the aim is to generate adversarial examples using information limited to loss function evaluations of input-output pairs. We use Bayesian optimization~(BO) to specifically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Satya Narayan Shukla , Anit Kumar Sahu , Devin Willmott , J. Zico Kolter

Adversarial attacks on deep learning models have received increased attention in recent years. Work in this area has mostly focused on gradient-based techniques, so-called 'white-box' attacks, where the attacker has access to the targeted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Raz Lapid , Eylon Mizrahi , Moshe Sipper

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used today, but they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. To develop effective methods of defense, it is important to understand the potential weak spots of DNNs. Often attacks are organized taking…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Andrei Chertkov , Ivan Oseledets

In general, adversarial perturbations superimposed on inputs are realistic threats for a deep neural network (DNN). In this paper, we propose a practical generation method of such adversarial perturbation to be applied to black-box attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Hisaichi Shibata , Shouhei Hanaoka , Yukihiro Nomura , Naoto Hayashi , Osamu Abe

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are notoriously vulnerable to adversarial input designs with limited noise budgets. While numerous successful attacks with subtle modifications to original input have been proposed, defense techniques against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Furkan Mumcu , Yasin Yilmaz

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can mislead classifiers by adding imperceptible perturbations. An intriguing property of adversarial examples is their good transferability, making black-box attacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Yinpeng Dong , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to the black-box adversarial attack that is highly transferable. This threat comes from the distribution gap between adversarial and clean samples in feature space of the target DNNs. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Xiaogang Xu , Hengshuang Zhao , Philip Torr , Jiaya Jia

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples that are carefully designed to cause the deep learning model to make mistakes. Adversarial examples of 2D images and 3D point clouds have been extensively studied, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Wooju Lee , Hyun Myung

Unlike the white-box counterparts that are widely studied and readily accessible, adversarial examples in black-box settings are generally more Herculean on account of the difficulty of estimating gradients. Many methods achieve the task by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Ziang Yan , Yiwen Guo , Changshui Zhang

In recent years Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable results and even showed super-human capabilities in a broad range of domains. This led people to trust in DNNs' classifications and resulting actions even in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Philip Sperl , Ching-Yu Kao , Peng Chen , Konstantin Böttinger