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The morphology of a galaxy has been shown to encode the evolutionary history and correlates strongly with physical properties such as stellar mass, star formation rates and past merger events. While the majority of galaxies in the local…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-23 Clár-Bríd Tohill , Steven Bamford , Christopher Conselice

The formation of galaxies can be understood in terms of the assembly patterns of each type of galactic component. To perform this kind of analysis, is necessary to define some criteria to separate those components. Decomposition methods…

The evolution of massive stars is the basis of several astrophysical investigations, from predicting gravitational-wave event rates to studying star-formation and stellar populations in clusters. However, uncertainties in massive star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Poojan Agrawal , Dorottya Szécsi , Simon Stevenson , Jan J. Eldridge , Jarrod Hurley

I review recent observational progress concerning the evolution of the morphological distribution of galaxies in the rich cluster environment and in the faint field population. By coupling HST imagery with ground-based spectroscopic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard S Ellis

There has been remarkable progress recently in both observational and theoretical studies of galaxy formation and evolution. Largely due to a combination of deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging, Keck spectroscopy, and COBE far-IR background…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piero Madau

Determining how galaxies accumulate stellar mass is paramount to understanding the Universe. Two primary mechanisms drive this process: star-formation (SF) & mergers. Our understanding of star formation, and to some degree the processes…

Background: low-mass stars are the dominant product of the star formation process, and they trace star formation over the full range of environments, from isolated globules to clusters in the central molecular zone. In the past two decades,…

Our Galaxy, the Milky Way, is a benchmark for understanding disk galaxies. It is the only galaxy whose formation history can be studied using the full distribution of stars from white dwarfs to supergiants. The oldest components provide us…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-06 Joss Bland-Hawthorn , Ortwin Gerhard

Constraining the star formation histories (SFHs) of individual galaxies is crucial to understanding the mechanisms that regulate their evolution. Here, we combine multi-wavelength (ultraviolet, optical, and infrared) measurements of a very…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-15 Camilla Pacifici , Sree Oh , Kyuseok Oh , Jaehyun Lee , Sukyoung K. Yi

Nearby galaxies are the end result of their cosmological evolution, which is predicted to be influenced by the growth of their host dark matter halos. This co-evolution potentially leaves signatures in present-day observed galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-07 Laura Scholz-Diaz , Ignacio Martin-Navarro , Jesus Falcon-Barroso

Metallicity is one of the crucial factors that determine stellar evolution. To characterize the properties of stellar populations one needs to know the fraction of stars forming at different metallicities. Knowing how this fraction evolves…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-29 Martyna Chruslinska , Gijs Nelemans

The colour-magnitude diagrams of resolved stellar populations are the best tool to study the star formation histories of the host galactic regions. In this review the method to derive star formation histories by means of synthetic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-15 Monica Tosi

Galactic archaeology is the study of the history of star formation and chemical evolution in the Milky Way, based on present-day stellar populations. Studies of young stars are a key anchor point for Galactic archaeology, since quantities…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-03 Sarah L. Martell

The chemical elements are created in nuclear fusion processes in the hot and dense cores of stars. The energy generated through nucleosynthesis allows stars to shine for billions of years. When these stars explode as massive supernovae, the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-22 Anna Frebel

Observations of circumstellar disks around stars as a function of stellar properties such as mass, metallicity, multiplicity, and age, provide constraints on theories concerning the formation and evolution of planetary systems. Utilizing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Michael R. Meyer

I present a brief review of some of the most recent and active topics of star formation process in the Milky Way using mid and far infrared observations, and motivated by the research being carried out by our science group using data…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 A. Noriega-Crespo

Massive star clusters are often used as tracers of galaxy formation and assembly. In order to do so, we must understand their properties at formation, and how those properties change with time, galactic environment, and galaxy assembly…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-07-05 Marta Reina-Campos , Alison Sills , Godefroy Bichon

Metals -- heavy elements synthesized during various phases of stellar evolution or during supernova explosions -- play a fundamental role in shaping galaxy evolution. In fact, their relative abundances, spatial distribution, and scaling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-15 Mirko Curti

Growing evidence shows that most stars in the Milky Way, including the Sun, are born in high-mass star-forming regions, but due to both observational and theoretical challenges, our understanding of their chemical evolution is much less…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-19 Francesco Fontani , Maria Teresa Beltrán , Anton Vasyunin

Space-based time-domain telescopes such as CoRoT, Kepler/K2 and TESS have profoundly impacted astrophysics over the past two decades. Continuous light curves with high cadence and high photometric precision are now available for millions of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-12 Daniel Huber