Related papers: MAC Address Anonymization for Crowd Counting
This paper presents a crowd monitoring system based on the passive detection of probe requests. The system meets strict privacy requirements and is suited to monitoring events or buildings with a least a few hundreds of attendees. We…
Media access control (MAC) addresses inside Wi-Fi packets can be used for beneficial activities such as crowdedness estimation, marketing, and hazard maps. However, the MAC address randomization systems introduced around 2014 make all…
This project is an exploration into analysing WiFi probe requests, a management frame described as part of the IEEE 802.11 protocol which publicly broadcasts the senders MAC address. The intention was to collect these probe requests to use…
Wireless networks have become an integral part of our daily lives and lately there is increased concern about privacy and protecting the identity of individual users. In this paper we address the evolution of privacy measures in Wi-Fi probe…
Abstract. Since the introduction of active discovery in Wi-Fi networks, users can be tracked via their probe requests. Although manufacturers typically try to conceal Media Access Control (MAC) addresses using MAC address randomisation,…
A Wi-Fi-enabled device, or simply Wi-Fi device, sporadically broadcasts probe request frames (PRFs) to discover nearby access points (APs), whether connected to an AP or not. To protect user privacy, unconnected devices often randomize…
MAC address randomization is a privacy technique whereby mobile devices rotate through random hardware addresses in order to prevent observers from singling out their traffic or physical location from other nearby devices. Adoption of this…
Medium Access Control (MAC) address randomization is a key component for privacy protection in Wi-Fi networks. Current proposals periodically change the mobile device MAC addresses when it disconnects from the Access Point (AP). This way…
An important aspect of crowd monitoring is knowing how many people we are dealing with. Sometimes, knowing the size of a crowd in a single location and at a specific moment is enough. Matters become problematic when counting the same people…
Given that a MAC address can uniquely identify a person or a vehicle, continuous tracking over a large geographical scale has raised serious privacy concerns amongst governments and the general public. Prior work has demonstrated that…
Understanding crowd behaviors in a large social event is crucial for event management. Passive WiFi sensing, by collecting WiFi probe requests sent from mobile devices, provides a better way to monitor crowds compared with people counters…
MAC randomization is a widely used technique implemented on most modern smartphones to protect user's privacy against tracking based on Probe Request frames capture. However, there exist weaknesses in such a methodology which may still…
The fact that almost every person owns a smartphone device that can be precisely located is both empowering and worrying. If methods for accurate tracking of devices (and their owners) via WiFi probing are developed in a responsible way,…
Anonymity platforms route the traffic over a network of special routers that are known as mixes and implement various traffic disruption techniques to hide the communicating users' identities. Batch mixes in particular anonymize…
Probe Requests are Wi-Fi management frames periodically sent by devices during network discovery. Tracking Probe Requests over time offers insights into movement patterns, traffic flows, and behavior trends, which are keys in applications…
Crowd counting problem aims to count the number of objects within an image or a frame in the videos and is usually solved by estimating the density map generated from the object location annotations. The values in the density map, by…
Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been richly researched in past years particularly with regard to range-based or visual-based sensors. Instead of deploying dedicated devices that use visual features, it is more pragmatic to…
The amount of personal data collected in our everyday interactions with connected devices offers great opportunities for innovative services fueled by machine learning, as well as raises serious concerns for the privacy of individuals. In…
In this paper, we consider people counting and localization systems exploiting channel state information (CSI) measured from commodity WiFi network interface cards (NICs). While CSI has useful information of amplitude and phase to describe…
In this paper, we propose a methodology for estimating the crowd speed using WiFi devices without relying on people to carry any device. Our approach not only enables speed estimation in the region where WiFi links are, but also in the…