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Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have made great progress on automated diagnosis with chest X-rays images. However, DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which may cause misdiagnoses to patients when applying the DNN based…

Adversarial attacks consist in maliciously changing the input data to mislead the predictions of automated decision systems and are potentially a serious threat for automated medical image analysis. Previous studies have shown that it is…

Medical datasets are often highly imbalanced with over-representation of common medical problems and a paucity of data from rare conditions. We propose simulation of pathology in images to overcome the above limitations. Using chest X-rays…

Recently, there have been several successful deep learning approaches for automatically classifying chest X-ray images into different disease categories. However, there is not yet a comprehensive vulnerability analysis of these models…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become essential for processing the vast amounts of aerial imagery collected using earth-observing satellite platforms. However, DNNs are vulnerable towards adversarial examples, and it is expected that this…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become popular for medical image analysis tasks like cancer diagnosis and lesion detection. However, a recent study demonstrates that medical deep learning systems can be compromised by carefully-engineered…

Machine learning (ML) is a rapidly developing area of medicine that uses significant resources to apply computer science and statistics to medical issues. ML's proponents laud its capacity to handle vast, complicated, and erratic medical…

Dark-field radiography is a novel X-ray imaging modality that enables complementary diagnostic information by visualizing the microstructural properties of lung tissue. Implemented via a Talbot-Lau interferometer integrated into a…

Under the epidemic of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), chest X-ray computed tomography imaging is being used for effectively screening COVID-19 patients. The development of computer-aided systems based on deep neural networks…

Chest X-ray is the most common test among medical imaging modalities. It is applied for detection and differentiation of, among others, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia, the last with importance due to the COVID-19 disease.…

Vulnerability to adversarial attacks is a well-known weakness of Deep Neural Networks. While most of the studies focus on natural images with standardized benchmarks like ImageNet and CIFAR, little research has considered real world…

Deep learning has become an integral part of various computer vision systems in recent years due to its outstanding achievements for object recognition, facial recognition, and scene understanding. However, deep neural networks (DNNs) are…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to have a fundamental sensitivity to adversarial attacks, perturbations of the input that are imperceptible to humans yet powerful enough to change the visual decision of a model. Adversarial attacks…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved excellent performance on several tasks and have been widely applied in both academia and industry. However, DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial machine learning attacks, in which noise is added to…

Deep neural networks for image-based screening and computer-aided diagnosis have achieved expert-level performance on various medical imaging modalities, including chest radiographs. Recently, several works have indicated that these…

Chest X-rays (X-ray images) have been proven to be effective for the diagnosis of chest diseases, including Pneumonia, Lung Opacity, and COVID-19. However, relying on traditional medical methods for diagnosis from X-ray images is prone to…

Over the past decade, deep learning has revolutionized conventional tasks that rely on hand-craft feature extraction with its strong feature learning capability, leading to substantial enhancements in traditional tasks. However, deep neural…

Although Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), such as the convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Vision Transformers (ViTs), have been successfully applied in the field of computer vision, they are demonstrated to be vulnerable to well-sought…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly applied in the real world in safety critical applications like advanced driver assistance systems. An example for such use case is represented by traffic sign recognition systems. At the same…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) for medical images are extremely vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs), which poses security concerns on clinical decision making. Luckily, medical AEs are also easy to detect in hierarchical feature space per…