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Graph signals offer a very generic and natural representation for data that lives on networks or irregular structures. The actual data structure is however often unknown a priori but can sometimes be estimated from the knowledge of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Hermina Petric Maretic , Dorina Thanou , Pascal Frossard

We propose a novel method for constructing wavelet transforms of functions defined on the vertices of an arbitrary finite weighted graph. Our approach is based on defining scaling using the the graph analogue of the Fourier domain, namely…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2009-12-22 David K Hammond , Pierre Vandergheynst , Rémi Gribonval

Many tools from the field of graph signal processing exploit knowledge of the underlying graph's structure (e.g., as encoded in the Laplacian matrix) to process signals on the graph. Therefore, in the case when no graph is available, graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Bastien Pasdeloup , Vincent Gripon , Grégoire Mercier , Dominique Pastor , Michael G. Rabbat

Existing sequence to sequence models for structured language tasks rely heavily on the dot product self attention mechanism, which incurs quadratic complexity in both computation and memory for input length N. We introduce the Graph Wavelet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Andrew Kiruluta , Eric Lundy , Priscilla Burity

We present a systematic collection of spectral surgery principles for the Laplacian on a metric graph with any of the usual vertex conditions (natural, Dirichlet or $\delta$-type), which show how various types of changes of a local or…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Gregory Berkolaiko , James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Delio Mugnolo

We present a fully non neural learning framework based on Graph Laplacian Wavelet Transforms (GLWT). Unlike traditional architectures that rely on convolutional, recurrent, or attention based neural networks, our model operates purely in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Andrew Kiruluta , Andreas Lemos , Priscilla Burity

In sparse signal representation, the choice of a dictionary often involves a tradeoff between two desirable properties -- the ability to adapt to specific signal data and a fast implementation of the dictionary. To sparsely represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Dorina Thanou , David I Shuman , Pascal Frossard

We present novel families of wavelets and associated filterbanks for the analysis and representation of functions defined on circulant graphs. In this work, we leverage the inherent vanishing moment property of the circulant graph Laplacian…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Madeleine S. Kotzagiannidis , Pier Luigi Dragotti

Graphs are irregular structures which naturally account for data integrity, however, traditional approaches have been established outside Signal Processing, and largely focus on analyzing the underlying graphs rather than signals on graphs.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-14 Ljubisa Stankovic , Danilo Mandic , Milos Dakovic , Ilya Kisil , Ervin Sejdic , Anthony G. Constantinides

The spectrum of the normalized graph Laplacian yields a very comprehensive set of invariants of a graph. In order to understand the information contained in those invariants better, we systematically investigate the behavior of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-19 Anirban Banerjee , Jürgen Jost

Diffusion wavelets extract information from graph signals at different scales of resolution by utilizing graph diffusion operators raised to various powers, known as diffusion scales. Traditionally, these scales are chosen to be dyadic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 David R. Johnson , Smita Krishnaswamy , Michael Perlmutter

A foundation model like GPT elicits many emergent abilities, owing to the pre-training with broad inclusion of data and the use of the powerful Transformer architecture. While foundation models in natural languages are prevalent, can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ziyuan Tang , Jie Chen

Graph-based models require aggregating information in the graph from neighbourhoods of different sizes. In particular, when the data exhibit varying levels of smoothness on the graph, a multi-scale approach is required to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Felix L. Opolka , Yin-Cong Zhi , Pietro Liò , Xiaowen Dong

Spectral Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), also referred to as graph filters have gained increasing prevalence for heterophily graphs. Optimal graph filters rely on Laplacian eigendecomposition for Fourier transform. In an attempt to avert the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Keke Huang , Pietro Liò

Graphs with diverse structural characteristics play a central role in modelling and optimization tasks. The ability to generate different types of graphs that exhibit shared properties is likewise essential for algorithm selection and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hendrik Richter , Frank Neumann

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) conventionally rely on standard Laplacian or adjacency matrices for structural message passing. In this work, we substitute the traditional Laplacian with a Doubly Stochastic graph Matrix (DSM), derived from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhaobo Hu , Vincent Gauthier , Mehdi Naima

Recently, graph neural networks have been widely used for network embedding because of their prominent performance in pairwise relationship learning. In the real world, a more natural and common situation is the coexistence of pairwise…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Xiangguo Sun , Hongzhi Yin , Bo Liu , Hongxu Chen , Jiuxin Cao , Yingxia Shao , Nguyen Quoc Viet Hung

The second-largest eigenvalue and second-smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph are measures of its connectivity. These eigenvalues can be used to analyze the robustness, resilience, and synchronizability of networks, and are related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-20 Aida Abiad , Boris Brimkov , Xavier Martinez-Rivera , O Suil , Jingmei Zhang

Spectral Graph Convolutional Networks (spectral GCNNs), a powerful tool for analyzing and processing graph data, typically apply frequency filtering via Fourier transform to obtain representations with selective information. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Lequan Lin , Junbin Gao

Signal-processing on graphs has developed into a very active field of research during the last decade. In particular, the number of applications using frames constructed from graphs, like wavelets on graphs, has substantially increased. To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-09-24 Ana Susnjara , Nathanael Perraudin , Daniel Kressner , Pierre Vandergheynst