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Existing contextual multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms fail to effectively capture both long-term trends and local patterns across all arms, leading to suboptimal performance in environments with rapidly changing reward structures. They…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-01 Hamed Khosravi , Mohammad Reza Shafie , Ahmed Shoyeb Raihan , Srinjoy Das , Imtiaz Ahmed

We present an adaptive learning Intelligent Tutoring System, which uses model-based reinforcement learning in the form of contextual bandits to assign learning activities to students. The model is trained on the trajectories of thousands of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Robert Belfer , Ekaterina Kochmar , Iulian Vlad Serban

Sequential decision-making under uncertainty is often associated with long feedback delays. Such delays degrade the performance of the learning agent in identifying a subset of arms with the optimal collective reward in the long run. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Saeed Ghoorchian , Setareh Maghsudi

In production systems, contextual bandit approaches often rely on direct reward models that take both action and context as input. However, these models can suffer from confounding, making it difficult to isolate the effect of the action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Alexandre Gilotte , Otmane Sakhi , Imad Aouali , Benjamin Heymann

Decision-making problems of sequential nature, where decisions made in the past may have an impact on the future, are used to model many practically important applications. In some real-world applications, feedback about a decision is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Ronald C. van den Broek , Rik Litjens , Tobias Sagis , Luc Siecker , Nina Verbeeke , Pratik Gajane

Recent advances in learning techniques have garnered attention for their applicability to a diverse range of real-world sequential decision-making problems. Yet, many practical applications have critical constraints for operation in real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Jose A. Ayala-Romero , Andres Garcia-Saavedra , Xavier Costa-Perez

We study here the problem of learning the exploration exploitation trade-off in the contextual bandit problem with linear reward function setting. In the traditional algorithms that solve the contextual bandit problem, the exploration is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Djallel Bouneffouf , Emmanuelle Claeys

Advances in reinforcement learning research have demonstrated the ways in which different agent-based models can learn how to optimally perform a task within a given environment. Reinforcement leaning solves unsupervised problems where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Herkulaas Combrink , Vukosi Marivate , Benjamin Rosman

We study the stream-based online active learning in a contextual multi-armed bandit framework. In this framework, the reward depends on both the arm and the context. In a stream-based active learning setting, obtaining the ground truth of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Linqi Song

Bandit learning has been an increasingly popular design choice for recommender system. Despite the strong interest in bandit learning from the community, there remains multiple bottlenecks that prevent many bandit learning approaches from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Hongbo Guo , Ruben Naeff , Alex Nikulkov , Zheqing Zhu

This thesis considers sequential decision problems, where the loss/reward incurred by selecting an action may not be inferred from observed feedback. A major part of this thesis focuses on the unsupervised sequential selection problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Arun Verma

Delivering treatment recommendations via pervasive electronic devices such as mobile phones has the potential to be a viable and scalable treatment medium for long-term health behavior management. But active experimentation of treatment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Mawulolo K. Ameko , Miranda L. Beltzer , Lihua Cai , Mehdi Boukhechba , Bethany A. Teachman , Laura E. Barnes

This paper proposes an algorithm for real-time learning without explicit feedback. The algorithm combines the ideas of semi-supervised learning on graphs and online learning. In particular, it iteratively builds a graphical representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Branislav Kveton , Michal Valko , Matthai Phillipose , Ling Huang

Non-stationarity is ubiquitous in human behavior and addressing it in the contextual bandits is challenging. Several works have addressed the problem by investigating semi-parametric contextual bandits and warned that ignoring…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-18 Young-Geun Choi , Gi-Soo Kim , Seunghoon Paik , Myunghee Cho Paik

Artificial behavioral agents are often evaluated based on their consistent behaviors and performance to take sequential actions in an environment to maximize some notion of cumulative reward. However, human decision making in real life…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Baihan Lin , Guillermo Cecchi , Djallel Bouneffouf , Jenna Reinen , Irina Rish

We study high-dimensional multi-armed contextual bandits with batched feedback where the $T$ steps of online interactions are divided into $L$ batches. In specific, each batch collects data according to a policy that depends on previous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-27 Jianqing Fan , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Chenlu Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at in-context learning (ICL), a supervised learning technique that relies on adding annotated examples to the model context. We investigate a contextual bandit version of in-context reinforcement learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Giovanni Monea , Antoine Bosselut , Kianté Brantley , Yoav Artzi

In this work, we describe practical lessons we have learned from successfully using contextual bandits (CBs) to improve key business metrics of the Microsoft Virtual Agent for customer support. While our current use cases focus on single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Nikos Karampatziakis , Sebastian Kochman , Jade Huang , Paul Mineiro , Kathy Osborne , Weizhu Chen

This thesis considers sequential decision problems, where the loss/reward incurred by selecting an action may not be inferred from observed feedback. A major part of this thesis focuses on the unsupervised sequential selection problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Arun Verma

Leveraging offline data is an attractive way to accelerate online sequential decision-making. However, it is crucial to account for latent states in users or environments in the offline data, and latent bandits form a compelling model for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chinmaya Kausik , Kevin Tan , Ambuj Tewari
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