Related papers: On generalized forces in higher derivative Lagrang…
The Carath\'eodory form of the calculus of variations belongs to the class of Lepage equivalents of first-order Lagrangians in field theory. Here, this equivalent is generalized for second- and higher-order Lagrangians by means of intrisic…
Chiral perturbation theory is extended to nonrelativistic systems with spontaneously broken symmetry. In the effective Lagrangian, order parameters associated with the generators of the group manifest themselves as effective coupling…
New third- and fourth-order Lagrangian hierarchies are derived in this paper. The free coefficients in the leading terms satisfy the most general differential geometric criteria currently known for the existence of a variational…
A brief review of the physics of systems including higher derivatives in the Lagrangian is given. All such systems involve ghosts, i.e. the spectrum of the Hamiltonian is not bounded from below and the vacuum ground state is absent. Usually…
We show that the Lagrangian for Lovelock-Cartan gravity theory can be re-formulated as an action which leads to General Relativity in a certain limit. In odd dimensions the Lagrangian leads to a Chern-Simons theory invariant under the…
We propose a new classical approach for describing a system composed of $n$ interacting particles with variable mass connected by a single field with no predefined form ($n$-VMVF systems). Instead of assuming any particular nature or…
We develop the frame-like formulation of massive bosonic higher spins fields in the case of 3-dimensional $(A)dS$ space with the arbitrary cosmological constant. The formulation is based on gauge-invariant description by involving the…
Electromagnetism, the strong and the weak interaction are commonly formulated as gauge theories in a Lagrangian description. In this paper we present an alternative formal derivation of U(1)-gauge theory in a manifestly covariant Hamilton…
Based on the insight gained by many authors over the years on the structure of the Einstein-Hilbert, Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock gravity Lagrangians, we show how to derive -- in an elementary fashion -- their first-order, generalized "ADM"…
We derive the gravitational Lagrangian to all orders of curvature when the canonical constraint algebra is deformed by a phase space function as predicted by some studies into loop quantum cosmology. The deformation function seems to be…
The Hamilton principle is a variation principle describing the isolated and conservative systems, its Lagrange function is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy. By Feynman path integration, we can obtain the Hermitian…
The covariant description of massless particles of arbitrary spin typically employs symmetric tensors of rank $s$ and rests on a local symmetry carried by symmetric tensor parameters of rank $s-1$, suitably generalizing the $U(1)$…
We review a perturbative approach to deal with Lagrangians with higher or infinite order time derivatives. It enables us to construct a consistent Poisson structure and Hamiltonian with only first time derivatives order by order in…
We present a new Lagrangian formulation of General Relativity with cosmological constant, coupled to Yang-Mills gauge theory. The formulation has a manifest color/kinematics-dual structure, both in the choice of fundamental fields and in…
Unified theory of gravitational interactions and electromagnetic interactions is discussed in this paper. Based on gauge principle, electromagnetic interactions and gravitational interactions are formulated in the same manner and are…
Gravitation, according to General Relativity, is an attribute of space-time's geometry and hence not a force in the Newtonian sense. This is a consequence of Einstein's equivalence principle, which so far passed all experimental tests with…
The Euler-Heisenberg effective Lagrangian is used to obtain general expressions for electric and magnetic fields induced by non-linearity, to leading order in the non-linear expansion parameter, and for quasistatic situations. These…
We introduce a generalized Lagrangian density - involving a non-Hermitian kinetic term - for a quantum particle with the generalized momentum operator. Upon variation of the Lagrangian, we obtain the corresponding Schr\"odinger equation.…
Induced by three gluons symmetry, Mandelstam variables $s$, $t$, $u$ symmetric expressions are widely involved in collider physics, especially in heavy quarkonium physics. In this work we study general form of $s$, $t$, $u$ symmetric…
We obtain new regularity conditions for problems of calculus of variations with higher-order derivatives. As a corollary, we get non-occurrence of the Lavrentiev phenomenon. Our main regularity result asserts that autonomous integral…