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Human social life is shaped by repeated interactions, where past experiences guide future behavior. In evolutionary game theory, a key challenge is to identify strategies that harness such memory to succeed in repeated encounters. Decades…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-16 Ketian Sun , Qi Su , Long Wang

Interactions among individuals in natural populations often occur in a dynamically changing environment. Understanding the role of environmental variation in population dynamics has long been a central topic in theoretical ecology and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-18 Feng Huang , Ming Cao , Long Wang

The paper studies the emergence and stability of cooperative behavior in populations of agents who interact among themselves in Prisoner's Dilemma games and who are allowed to choose their partners. The population is then subject to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Sobkowicz

We investigate the effect of randomness in both relationships and decisions on the evolution of cooperation. Simulation results show, in such randomness' presence, the system evolves to a more frequency cooperation state than in its…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Jie Ren , Wen-Xu Wang , Feng Qi

Understanding the origins of volunteerism and free-riding is crucial in collective action situations where a sufficient number of cooperators is necessary to achieve shared benefits, such as in vaccination campaigns and social change…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-03-06 Alina Glaubitz , Feng Fu

Cooperation plays a fundamental role in societal and biological domains, and the population structure profoundly shapes the dynamics of evolution. Practically, individuals behave either altruistically or egoistically in multiple groups,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-04-05 Dini Wang , Peng Yi , Yiguang Hong , Jie Chen , Gang Yan

Strong reciprocity is a fundamental human characteristic associated with our extraordinary sociality and cooperation. Laboratory experiments on social dilemma games and many field studies have quantified well-defined levels of cooperation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-11-21 D. Darcet , D. Sornette

Evolutionary dynamics can be studied in well-mixed or structured populations. Population structure typically arises from the heterogeneous distribution of individuals in physical space or on social networks. Here we introduce a new type of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-06-04 Tibor Antal , Hisashi Ohtsuki , John Wakeley , Peter D. Taylor , Martin A. Nowak

Cooperative behaviors are defined as the production of common goods benefitting all members of the community at the producer's cost. They could seem to be in contradiction with natural selection, as non-cooperators have an increased fitness…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-03-17 Bahram Houchmandzadeh

Evolutionary graph theory is a well established framework for modelling the evolution of social behaviours in structured populations. An emerging consensus in this field is that graphs that exhibit heterogeneity in the number of connections…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-20 Wes Maciejewski , Feng Fu , Christoph Hauert

Cooperative behavior lies at the very basis of human societies, yet its evolutionary origin remains a key unsolved puzzle. Whereas reciprocity or conditional cooperation is one of the most prominent mechanisms proposed to explain the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-03-22 Giulio Cimini , Angel Sánchez

Dynamics of a social population is analyzed taking into account some physical constraints on individual behavior and decision making abilities. The model, based on Evolutionary Game Theory, predicts that a population has to pass through a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Alex Feigel

The emergence and maintenance of cooperation has attracted intensive scholarly interest and has been analysed within the framework of evolutionary game theory. The role of innovation, which introduces novel strategies into the population,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-07-30 Hirofumi Takesue

Exploration of mechanisms underlying the emergence of collective cooperation remains a focal point in field of evolution of cooperation. Prevailing studies often neglect historical information, relying on the latest rewards as the primary…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-07 Changyan Di , Jianyue Guan , Qingguo Zhou , Jingqiang Wang , Xiangyang Li

Kin selection and direct reciprocity are two most basic mechanisms for promoting cooperation in human society. Generalizing the standard models of the multi-player Prisoner's Dilemma and the Public Goods games for heterogeneous populations,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-06-21 Boyu Zhang , Yali Dong , Cheng-Zhong Qin , Sergey Gavrilets

Decades of scientific inquiry have sought to understand how evolution fosters cooperation, a concept seemingly at odds with the belief that evolution should produce rational, self-interested individuals. Most previous work has focused on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-16 Mohammad Salahshour , Iain D. Couzin

The game interactions among individuals in nature are often uncertain and dynamically evolving, significantly influencing the persistence of cooperation. However, it remains a formidable challenge to effectively characterize these dynamic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Bin Pi , Minyu Feng , Liang-Jian Deng , Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki

Repeated interaction between individuals is the main mechanism for maintaining cooperation in social dilemma situations. Variants of tit-for-tat (repeating the previous action of the opponent) and the win-stay lose-shift strategy are known…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-08 Shoma Tanabe , Naoki Masuda

Direct reciprocity facilitates the evolution of cooperation when individuals interact repeatedly. Most previous studies on direct reciprocity implicitly assume compulsory interactions. Yet, interactions are often voluntary in human…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-17 Fang Chen , Lei Zhou , Long Wang

Ecology and evolution are inherently linked, and studying a mathematical model that considers both holds promise of insightful discoveries related to the dynamics of cooperation. In the present article, we use the prisoner's dilemma (PD)…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-10 Sayantan Nag Chowdhury , Srilena Kundu , Jeet Banerjee , Matjaž Perc , Dibakar Ghosh