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State-of-the-art conversational AI systems raise concerns due to their potential risks of generating unsafe, toxic, unethical, or dangerous content. Previous works have developed datasets to teach conversational agents the appropriate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Souvik Das , Rohini K. Srihari

Meta-learning enables learning systems to adapt quickly to new tasks, similar to humans. Different meta-learning approaches all work under/with the mini-batch episodic training framework. Such framework naturally gives the information about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Shiguang Wu , Yaqing Wang , Yatao Bian , Quanming Yao

Contrastive learning typically matches pairs of related views among a number of unrelated negative views. Views can be generated (e.g. by augmentations) or be observed. We investigate matching when there are more than two related views…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Amitis Shidani , Devon Hjelm , Jason Ramapuram , Russ Webb , Eeshan Gunesh Dhekane , Dan Busbridge

Neural machine translation benefits from semantically rich representations. Considerable progress in learning such representations has been achieved by language modelling and mutual information maximization objectives using contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Kshitij Ambilduke , Aneesh Shetye , Diksha Bagade , Rishika Bhagwatkar , Khurshed Fitter , Prasad Vagdargi , Shital Chiddarwar

Response generation is one of the critical components in task-oriented dialog systems. Existing studies have shown that large pre-trained language models can be adapted to this task. The typical paradigm of adapting such extremely large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sandesh Swamy , Narges Tabari , Chacha Chen , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Turn-taking, aiming to decide when the next speaker can start talking, is an essential component in building human-robot spoken dialogue systems. Previous studies indicate that multimodal cues can facilitate this challenging task. However,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Jiudong Yang , Peiying Wang , Yi Zhu , Mingchao Feng , Meng Chen , Xiaodong He

Generating responses that are consistent with the dialogue context is one of the central challenges in building engaging conversational agents. We demonstrate that neural conversation models can be geared towards generating consistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Yizhe Zhang , Xiang Gao , Sungjin Lee , Chris Brockett , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

We propose to train bi-directional neural network language model(NNLM) with noise contrastive estimation(NCE). Experiments are conducted on a rescore task on the PTB data set. It is shown that NCE-trained bi-directional NNLM outperformed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Tianxing He , Yu Zhang , Jasha Droppo , Kai Yu

Universal Multimodal embedding models built on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have traditionally employed contrastive learning, which aligns representations of query-target pairs across different modalities. Yet, despite its…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Geonmo Gu , Byeongho Heo , Jaemyung Yu , Jaehui Hwang , Taekyung Kim , Sangmin Lee , HeeJae Jun , Yoohoon Kang , Sangdoo Yun , Dongyoon Han

Background: Neural networks produce biased classification results due to correlation bias (they learn correlations between their inputs and outputs to classify samples, even when those correlations do not represent cause-and-effect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Jared Mowery

Contrastive learning (CL) is a popular technique for self-supervised learning (SSL) of visual representations. It uses pairs of augmentations of unlabeled training examples to define a classification task for pretext learning of a deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Chih-Hui Ho , Nuno Vasconcelos

Contrastive learning has become pivotal in unsupervised representation learning, with frameworks like Momentum Contrast (MoCo) effectively utilizing large negative sample sets to extract discriminative features. However, traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Duy Hoang , Huy Ngo , Khoi Pham , Tri Nguyen , Gia Bao , Huy Phan

To predict what someone will say is to model how they think. We study this through next-turn dialogue prediction: given a conversation, predict the next utterance produced by a person. We compare learning approaches along two dimensions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Kanishk Gandhi , Agam Bhatia , Noah D. Goodman

Contrastive learning is a well-established paradigm in representation learning. The standard framework of contrastive learning minimizes the distance between "similar" instances and maximizes the distance between dissimilar ones in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Naghmeh Ghanooni , Barbod Pajoum , Harshit Rawal , Sophie Fellenz , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Marius Kloft

Exemplar-based image translation establishes dense correspondences between a conditional input and an exemplar (from two different domains) for leveraging detailed exemplar styles to achieve realistic image translation. Existing work builds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Fangneng Zhan , Yingchen Yu , Rongliang Wu , Jiahui Zhang , Shijian Lu , Changgong Zhang

Contrastive learning has delivered impressive results for various tasks in the self-supervised regime. However, existing approaches optimize for learning representations specific to downstream scenarios, i.e., \textit{global}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Shuang Ma , Zhaoyang Zeng , Daniel McDuff , Yale Song

Exemplar-Guided Paraphrase Generation (EGPG) aims to generate a target sentence which conforms to the style of the given exemplar while encapsulating the content information of the source sentence. In this paper, we propose a new method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Haoran Yang , Wai Lam , Piji Li

Though offering amazing contextualized token-level representations, current pre-trained language models take less attention on accurately acquiring sentence-level representation during their self-supervised pre-training. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Bohong Wu , Hai Zhao

The natural language generation (NLG) component of a spoken dialogue system (SDS) usually needs a substantial amount of handcrafting or a well-labeled dataset to be trained on. These limitations add significantly to development costs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-10 Tsung-Hsien Wen , Milica Gasic , Dongho Kim , Nikola Mrksic , Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Steve Young

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) faces considerable challenges concerning resource constraints and inference efficiency. Recent research has increasingly focused on smaller, task-specific models enhanced by distilling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wei Wang , Zhaowei Li , Qi Xu , Yiqing Cai , Hang Song , Qi Qi , Ran Zhou , Zhida Huang , Tao Wang , Li Xiao