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For an abelian group $\Gamma$, a graph $G$ is said to be $\Gamma$-flow-critical if $G$ does not admit a nowhere-zero $\Gamma$-flow, but for each edge $e\in E(G)$, the contraction $G/e$ has a nowhere-zero $\Gamma$-flow. A bound on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Zdeněk Dvořák , Bojan Mohar

For any pair of edges $e,f$ of a graph $G$, we say that {\em $e,f$ are $P_3$-connected in $G$} if there exists a sequence of edges $e=e_0,e_1,\ldots, e_k=f$ such that $e_i$ and $e_{i+1}$ are two edges of an induced $3$-vertex path in $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Rong Chen

The power graph of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G$ and two distinct vertices are adjacent if one is a power of the other. In this paper, the minimum degree of power graphs of certain classes of cyclic groups, abelian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-12 Ramesh Prasad Panda , K. V. Krishna

Hasunuma [J. Graph Theory 102 (2023) 423-435] conjectured that for any tree $T$ of order $m$, every $k$-connected (or $k$-edge-connected) graph $G$ with minimum degree at least $k+m-1$ contains a tree $T'\cong T$ such that $G-E(T')$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Qing Yang , Yingzhi Tian

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n\geq 2$ and let $k\in \{1,\ldots ,n-1\}$. The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of $V(G)$, where two vertices are adjacent in $F_k(G)$ whenever their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 J. Leaños , M. K. Christophe Ndjatchi

Let $Z_2\times Z_2=\{0, \alpha, \beta, \alpha+\beta\}$. If $G$ is a bridgeless cubic graph, $F$ is a perfect matching of $G$ and $\overline{F}$ is the complementary 2-factor of $F$, then a no-where zero $Z_2\times Z_2$-flow $\theta$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Vahan Mkrtchyan

We study the flow spectrum ${\cal S}(G)$ and the integer flow spectrum $\overline{{\cal S}}(G)$ of signed $(2t+1)$-regular graphs. We show that if $r \in {\cal S}(G)$, then $r = 2+\frac{1}{t}$ or $r \geq 2 + \frac{2}{2t-1}$. Furthermore, $2…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-22 Michael Schubert , Eckhard Steffen

Tutte's famous 5-flow conjecture asserts that every bridgeless graph has a nowhere-zero 5-flow. Seymour proved that every such graph has a nowhere-zero 6-flow. Here we give (two versions of) a new proof of Seymour's Theorem. Both are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Matt DeVos , Edita Rollová , Robert Šámal

Identities obtained by elementary finite Fourier analysis are used to derive a variety of evaluations of the Tutte polynomial of a graph G at certain points (a,b) where (a-1)(b-1) equals 2 or 4. These evaluations are expressed in terms of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-09-20 Andrew J. Goodall

X. Hou, H.-J. Lai, P. Li and C.-Q. Zhang [J. Graph Theory 69 (2012) 464-470] showed that for a simple graph $G$ with $|V(G)|\ge 44$, if $\min\{\delta(G),\delta(G^c)\}\ge 4$, then either $G$ or its complementary graph $G^c$ has a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-15 Jiaao Li , Xueliang Li , Meiling Wang

A $k$-weak bisection of a cubic graph $G$ is a partition of the vertex-set of $G$ into two parts $V_1$ and $V_2$ of equal size, such that each connected component of the subgraph of $G$ induced by $V_i$ ($i=1,2$) is a tree of at most $k-2$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-15 Louis Esperet , Giuseppe Mazzuoccolo , Michael Tarsi

It was conjectured by Jaeger, Linial, Payan, and Tarsi in 1992 that for any prime number $p$, there is a constant $c$ such that for any $n$, the union (with repetition) of the vectors of any family of $c$ linear bases of $\mathbb{Z}_p^n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Louis Esperet , Rémi de Joannis de Verclos , Tien-Nam Le , Stéphan Thomassé

The generalized $k$-connectivity $\kappa_k(G)$ of a graph $G$ was introduced by Chartrand et al. in 1984. It is natural to introduce the concept of generalized $k$-edge-connectivity $\lambda_k(G)$. For general $k$, the generalized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-15 Xueliang Li , Yaping Mao , Yuefang Sun

A class A of labelled graphs is bridge-addable if for all graphs G in A and all vertices u and v in distinct connected components of G, the graph obtained by adding an edge between u and u is also in A; the class A is monotone if for all G…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-04 Louigi Addario Berry , Colin McDiarmid , Bruce Reed

For any finite abelian group $G$ and any subset $S\seq G$, we determine the connectivity of the addition Cayley graph induced by $S$ on $G$. Moreover, we show that if this graph is not complete, then it possesses a minimum vertex cut of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-10-08 David J. Grynkiewicz , Oriol Serra , Vsevolod Lev

The generalized connectivity of a graph $G$ was introduced by Chartrand et al. Let $S$ be a nonempty set of vertices of $G$, and $\kappa(S)$ be defined as the largest number of internally disjoint trees $T_1, T_2, \cdots, T_k$ connecting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-22 Ran Gu , Xueliang Li , Yongtang Shi

The study of nowhere-zero flows began with a key observation of Tutte that in planar graphs, nowhere-zero k-flows are dual to k-colourings (in the form of k-tensions). Tutte conjectured that every graph without a cut-edge has a nowhere-zero…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-01 Matt DeVos

Let $\Gamma$ be a multigraph with for each vertex a cyclic order of the edges incident with it. For $n \geq 3$, let $D_{2n}$ be the dihedral group of order $2n$. Define $\mathbb{D} := \{(\begin{smallmatrix} 1 & a \\ 0 & 1 \end{smallmatrix})…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Bart Litjens

This paper is devoted to a detailed study of nowhere-zero flows on signed eulerian graphs. We generalise the well-known fact about the existence of nowhere-zero $2$-flows in eulerian graphs by proving that every signed eulerian graph that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-04 Edita Máčajová , Martin Škoviera

We introduce the concept of matching connectivity as a notion of connectivity in graph admitting perfect matchings which heavily relies on the structural properties of those matchings. We generalise a result of Robertson, Seymour and Thomas…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-25 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , Stephan Kreutzer , Sebastian Wiederrecht