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We introduce open games as a compositional foundation of economic game theory. A compositional approach potentially allows methods of game theory and theoretical computer science to be applied to large-scale economic models for which…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Neil Ghani , Jules Hedges , Viktor Winschel , Philipp Zahn

The analysis of games played on graph-like structures is of increasing importance due to the prevalence of social networks, both virtual and physical, in our daily life. As well as being relevant in computer science, mathematical analysis…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Elena Di Lavore , Jules Hedges , Paweł Sobociński

This paper generalises the treatment of compositional game theory as introduced by Ghani et al. in 2018, where games are modelled as morphisms of a symmetric monoidal category. From an economic modelling perspective, the notion of a game in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Joe Bolt , Jules Hedges , Philipp Zahn

This paper presents a monoidal category whose morphisms are games (in the sense of game theory, not game semantics) and an associated diagrammatic language. The two basic operations of a monoidal category, namely categorical composition and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-23 Jules Hedges

Compositional Game Theory is a new, recently introduced model of economic games based upon the computer science idea of compositionality. In it, complex and irregular games can be built up from smaller and simpler games, and the equilibria…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Neil Ghani , Clemens Kupke , Alasdair Lambert , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg

The category of open games, which provides a strongly compositional foundation of economic game theory, is intermediate between symmetric monoidal and compact closed. More precisely it has counits with no corresponding units, and a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Joe Bolt , Jules Hedges , Viktor Winschel

Game theory is used by all behavioral sciences, but its development has long centered around tools for relatively simple games and toy systems, such as the economic interpretation of equilibrium outcomes. Our contribution, compositional…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Seth Frey , Jules Hedges , Joshua Tan , Philipp Zahn

Categories of polymorphic lenses in computer science, and of open games in compositional game theory, have a curious structure that is reminiscent of compact closed categories, but differs in some crucial ways. Specifically they have a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-19 Jules Hedges

In this paper, we introduce open parity games, which is a compositional approach to parity games. This is achieved by adding open ends to the usual notion of parity games. We introduce the category of open parity games, which is defined…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Kazuki Watanabe , Clovis Eberhart , Kazuyuki Asada , Ichiro Hasuo

We use a reformulation of compositional game theory to reunite game theory with game semantics, by viewing an open game as the System and its choice of contexts as the Environment. Specifically, the system is jointly controlled by $n \geq…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Jules Hedges

We define a notion of morphisms between open games, exploiting a surprising connection between lenses in computer science and compositional game theory. This extends the more intuitively obvious definition of globular morphisms as mappings…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Jules Hedges

Game theory is the standard tool used to model strategic interactions in evolutionary biology and social science. Traditional game theory studies the equilibria of simple games. But is traditional game theory applicable if the game is…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2011-09-22 Tobias Galla , J. Doyne Farmer

In this paper we will discuss scoring play games. We will give the basic definitions for scoring play games, and show that they form a well defined set, with clear and distinct outcome classes under these definitions. We will also show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-08 Fraser Stewart

We present an algebraic framework for the analysis of combinatorial games. This framework embraces the classical theory of partizan games as well as a number of misere games, comply-constrain games, and card games that have been studied…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-03 Johan Wästlund

Following our recent development of a compositional model checking algorithm for Markov decision processes, we present a compositional framework for solving mean payoff games (MPGs). The framework is derived from category theory,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Kazuki Watanabe , Clovis Eberhart , Kazuyuki Asada , Ichiro Hasuo

We initiate the study of simple games from the point of view of combinatorial topology. The starting premise is that the losing coalitions of a simple game can be identified with a simplicial complex. Various topological constructions and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-18 Ismar Volic , Leah Valentiner

The main goal of this paper is to settle a conceptual framework for cooperative game theory in which the notion of composition/aggregation of games is the defining structure. This is done via the mathematical theory of algebraic operads: we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Dylan Laplace Mermoud , Victor Roca i Lucio

Game theory provides a mathematical framework for analysing strategic situations involving at least two players. Normal-form games model situations where the players simultaneously pick their moves. In this thesis we explore the strategic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-03 Nicholas Ham

The categories of open learners (due to Fong, Spivak and Tuy\'eras) and open games (due to the present author, Ghani, Winschel and Zahn) bear a very striking and unexpected similarity. The purpose of this short note is to prove that there…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Jules Hedges

Open parity games are proposed as a compositional extension of parity games with algebraic operations, forming string diagrams of parity games. A potential application of string diagrams of parity games is to describe a large parity game…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Kazuki Watanabe
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