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We searched optical/UV/IR counterparts of seven supersoft X-ray sources (SSS) in M31 in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) "Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury" (PHAT) archival images and photometric catalog. Three of the SSS were…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 E. Chiosi , M. Orio , F. Bernardini , M. Henze , N. Jamialiahmadi

We use the Horizon-AGN cosmological simulation to study the properties of supermassive black hole binaries (MBHBs) contributing most to the gravitational wave background (GWB) signal expected in the pulsar timing array (PTA) band. We…

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries in gaseous and stellar environments are prime targets for next-generation space-based gravitational wave detectors. Yet, realistic accretion conditions under which these binary systems evolve are not…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-08 Hai-Yang Wang , Minghao Guo , Elias R. Most , Philip F. Hopkins , Aretaios Lalakos

Gravitational waves (GWs) offer an unprecedented opportunity to survey the sky and detect mergers of compact objects. While intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) have not been detected beyond any reasonable doubt with either dynamical or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-16 Giacomo Fragione

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries represent the main target for missions such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and Pulsar Timing Arrays. The understanding of their dynamical evolution prior to coalescence is therefore crucial…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-17 Imran Nasim , Cristobal Petrovich , Adam Nasim , Fani Dosopoulou , Fabio Antonini

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have been detected in the centers of most nearby massive galaxies. Galaxies today are the products of billions of years of galaxy mergers, but also billions of years of SMBH activity as active galactic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-05 Sandor Van Wassenhove , Marta Volonteri , Lucio Mayer , Massimo Dotti , Jillian Bellovary , Simone Callegari

The observation of a population of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) is key for our complete understanding of galaxy mergers and for the characterization of the expected gravitational waves (GWs) signal. However, MBHBs still remain…

In this work, we study the stellar-dynamical hardening of unequal mass supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries in the central regions of merging galactic nuclei. We present a comprehensive set of direct $N$-body simulations of the problem,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-14 Peter Berczik , Manuel Arca Sedda , Margaryta Sobolenko , Marina Ishchenko , Olexander Sobodar , Rainer Spurzem

The gravitational-wave background from supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) has yet to be detected. This has led to speculations as to whether current pulsar timing array limits are in tension with theoretical predictions. In this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-07 Xing-Jiang Zhu , Weiguang Cui , Eric Thrane

We present an intensive multiwavelength monitoring campaign of the quasar PG 1302$-$102 with Swift and the Las Cumbres Observatory network telescopes. At $z\sim0.3$, it tests the limits of the reverberation mapping (RM) technique in probing…

A supermassive binary black-hole candidate SDSS J1430+2303 reported recently motivates us to investigate an imminent binary of supermassive black holes as potential gravitational wave source, the radiated gravitational waves at the end of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-09 Xingyu Zhong , Wenbiao Han , Ziren Luo , Yueliang Wu

Coalescing neutron-star-black-hole (NS-BH) binaries are a promising source of gravitational-wave (GW) signals detectable with large-scale laser interferometers such as Advanced LIGO and Virgo. They are also one of the main short gamma-ray…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-25 Francesco Pannarale , Frank Ohme

Apparently periodic optical variations of the luminous high-redshift (z=2.06) quasar PSO J334.2028+1.4075 led Liu et al. (2015) to interpret the variability as the orbital period of a binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) residing in a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-21 P. Benke , S. Frey , K. É. Gabányi , L. I. Gurvits , Z. Paragi , T. An , E. Kun , P. Mohan , D. Cseh , Gy. Mező

Black hole (BH) ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) are potential Galactic low-frequency gravitational wave (GW) sources. As an alternative channel, BH UCXBs can evolve from BH+He star binaries. In this work, we perform a detailed stellar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-28 Ke Qin , Kun Xu , Dong-Dong Liu , Long Jiang , Bo Wang , Wen-Cong Chen

We investigate the presence of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary signatures and the feasibility of identifying them through X-ray reflection spectra. The X-ray emitting region is modeled as a set of two mini-disks bound to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-04 Julie Malewicz , David R. Ballantyne , Tamara Bogdanović , Laura Brenneman , Thomas Dauser

It is widely accepted that black holes (BHs) with masses greater than a million solar masses (Msun) lurk at the centres of massive galaxies. The origins of such `supermassive' black holes (SMBHs) remain unknown (Djorgovski et al. 1999),…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-09-06 Tomoharu Oka , Shiho Tsujimoto , Yuhei Iwata , Mariko Nomura , Shunya Takekawa

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are on the verge of detecting low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). With continued observations of a large sample of millisecond pulsars, PTAs will reach this…

A fundamental goal of modern-day astrophysics is to understand the connection between supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth and galaxy evolution. Merging galaxies offer one of the most dramatic channels for galaxy evolution known, capable…

The environment surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei (GNs) is expected to harbour stellar-mass binary black hole (BBH) populations. These binaries were suggested to form a hierarchical triple system with the SMBH,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-21 László Gondán

The advent of next generation radio telescope facilities, such as the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), will usher in an era where a Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) based search for gravitational waves (GWs) will be able to use hundreds of well timed…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Yan Wang , Soumya D. Mohanty