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The actual existence of collections of universes -- multiverses -- is strongly suggested by leading approaches to quantum cosmology, and has been proposed earlier as an attractive way to explain the apparent fine-tuned character of our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 William R. Stoeger

In this Letter we examine the Multiverse theory and how it relates to the Anthropic Principle. Under the supposition of Eternal Inflation, the String Theory Landscape (STL) has reinvigorated the discussion of the Anthropic Principle. The…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-04-01 Douglas F. Watson

The (re)introduction of $\Lambda$ into cosmology has spurred debates that touch on central questions in philosophy of science, as well as the foundations of general relativity and particle physics. We provide a systematic assessment of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Adam Koberinski , Bridget Falck , Chris Smeenk

Recently, we pointed out the possible inconsistency in the very foundations of the Everett MWI (or a Multiverse) theory. Here, we place some emphasis on the very basic notions underlying our conclusion yet motivated by certain, recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-27 M. Dugic , J. Jeknic-Dugic

Evidence for fine-tuning of physical parameters suitable for life can perhaps be explained by almost any combination of providence, coincidence or multiverse. A multiverse usually includes parts unobservable to us, but if the theory for it…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Don N. Page

Extracting predictions from cosmological theories that describe a multiverse, for what we are likely to observe in our domain, is crucial to establishing the validity of these theories. One way to extract such predictions is from…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-09-12 Feraz Azhar

The multiverse view in set theory, introduced and argued for in this article, is the view that there are many distinct concepts of set, each instantiated in a corresponding set-theoretic universe. The universe view, in contrast, asserts…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Joel David Hamkins

The notion that there are many "universes" with different properties is one answer to the question of "why is the universe so hospitable to life?" This notion also naturally follows from current ideas in eternal inflation and string/M…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Anthony Aguirre

In recent analyses of standard, single-universe, cosmology, it was pointed out that specific assumptions regarding the distribution and motion of matter must be made in order to set up the cosmological standard model with a global time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-10 Svend E. Rugh , Henrik Zinkernagel

A brief explanation of the meaning of the anthropic principle - as a prescription for the attribution of a priori probability weighting - is illustrated by various cosmological and local applications, in which the relevant conclusions are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Brandon Carter

This book is a philosopher's introduction to the idea that our universe is just one of many universes. I present and assess three versions of the idea: one version from philosophy, and two from physics. In short, they are: all the logically…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 Jeremy Butterfield

The possibility of fundamental theories with very many ground states, each with different physical parameters, changes the way that we approach the major questions of particle physics. Most importantly, it raises the possibility that these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-20 John F. Donoghue

We show that most of cutoff measures of the multiverse violate some of the basic properties of probability theory when applied repeatedly to predict the results of local experiments. Starting from minimal assumptions, such as Markov…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-01-21 Mahdiyar Noorbala , Vitaly Vanchurin

In the absence of a fundamental theory that precisely predicts values for observable parameters, anthropic reasoning attempts to constrain probability distributions over those parameters in order to facilitate the extraction of testable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-29 Feraz Azhar

Popular multiverse models such as the one based on the string theory landscape require an underlying set of unexplained laws containing many specific features and highly restrictive prerequisites. I explore the consequences of relaxing some…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. C. W. Davies

Quantum information theory and the multiverse are two of the greatest outcomes of the XX century physics. The consideration of entanglement between the quantum states of two or more universes in a multiverse scenario provides us with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-11-28 Salvador J. Robles-Pérez

We give an introduction to the cosmological multiverse, aimed at an audience of artists. We discuss general relativity -- our modern theory of gravity -- and the cosmological constant, which is widely believed to be responsible for the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Oliver Janssen

I describe reasons to think we are living in an eternally inflating multiverse where the observable "constants" of nature vary from place to place. The major obstacle to making predictions in this context is that we must regulate the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 Ben Freivogel

The anthropic principle has been proposed as an explanation for the observed value of the cosmological constant. Here we revisit this proposal by allowing for variation between universes in the amplitude of the scale-invariant primordial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael L. Graesser , Stephen D. H. Hsu , Alejandro Jenkins , Mark B. Wise

I cast doubt upon the desired consistency between the anthropic principle and modern cosmology.

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Domingos Soares