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Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is widely used to protect training data in machine learning. Its privacy guarantee is commonly analyzed through a security game in which an adversary infers whether a target record…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Wenhao Wang , Shujie Cui , Hui Cui , Xingliang Yuan

Deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated unprecedented success for medical imaging applications. However, due to the issue of limited dataset availability and the strict legal and ethical requirements for patient privacy protection, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Chris Xing Tian , Haoliang Li , Yufei Wang , Shiqi Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a crucial distributed training paradigm, enabling discrete devices to collaboratively train a shared model under the coordination of a central server, while leveraging their locally stored private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Wenhao Yuan , Xuehe Wang

Although machine learning models trained on massive data have led to break-throughs in several areas, their deployment in privacy-sensitive domains remains limited due to restricted access to data. Generative models trained with privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tianshi Cao , Alex Bie , Arash Vahdat , Sanja Fidler , Karsten Kreis

Federated Learning (FL) is a widely adopted privacy-preserving machine learning approach where private data remains local, enabling secure computations and the exchange of local model gradients between local clients and third-party…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

To promote secure and private artificial intelligence (SPAI), we review studies on the model security and data privacy of DNNs. Model security allows system to behave as intended without being affected by malicious external influences that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Ho Bae , Jaehee Jang , Dahuin Jung , Hyemi Jang , Heonseok Ha , Hyungyu Lee , Sungroh Yoon

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have recently been widely adopted in various applications, and such success is largely due to a combination of algorithmic breakthroughs, computation resource improvements, and access to a large amount of data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Qingrong Chen , Chong Xiang , Minhui Xue , Bo Li , Nikita Borisov , Dali Kaarfar , Haojin Zhu

Gradient inversion attacks pose significant privacy threats to distributed training frameworks such as federated learning, enabling malicious parties to reconstruct sensitive local training data from gradient communications between clients…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiajun Gu , Yuhang Yao , Shuaiqi Wang , Carlee Joe-Wong

Federated learning is a machine learning setting where a set of edge devices collaboratively train a model under the orchestration of a central server without sharing their local data. At each communication round of federated learning, edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Rui Hu , Yuanxiong Guo , Yanmin Gong

Over the past few years, federated learning has become widely used in various classical machine learning fields because of its collaborative ability to train data from multiple sources without compromising privacy. However, in the area of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Hao Song , Jiacheng Yao , Zhengxi Li , Shaocong Xu , Shibo Jin , Jiajun Zhou , Chenbo Fu , Qi Xuan , Shanqing Yu

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, Federated Learning (FL) model has been widely used in many industries for its high efficiency and confidentiality. Some researchers have explored its confidentiality and designed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Yaqiong Mu

Federated learning (FL) aims to perform privacy-preserving machine learning on distributed data held by multiple data owners. To this end, FL requires the data owners to perform training locally and share the gradient updates (instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Sanjay Kariyappa , Chuan Guo , Kiwan Maeng , Wenjie Xiong , G. Edward Suh , Moinuddin K Qureshi , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee

The gradient inversion attack has been demonstrated as a significant privacy threat to federated learning (FL), particularly in continuous domains such as vision models. In contrast, it is often considered less effective or highly dependent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Xinguo Feng , Zhongkui Ma , Zihan Wang , Eu Joe Chegne , Mengyao Ma , Alsharif Abuadbba , Guangdong Bai

Federated learning enables the collaborative learning of a global model on diverse data, preserving data locality and eliminating the need to transfer user data to a central server. However, data privacy remains vulnerable, as attacks can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yiwei Zhang , Rouzbeh Behnia , Attila A. Yavuz , Reza Ebrahimi , Elisa Bertino

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enhances users privacy by eliminating the need for clients to share raw, private data with the server. Despite the success, recent studies expose the vulnerability of FL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jing Wu , Munawar Hayat , Mingyi Zhou , Mehrtash Harandi

Deep learning models leak significant amounts of information about their training datasets. Previous work has investigated training models with differential privacy (DP) guarantees through adding DP noise to the gradients. However, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Milad Nasr , Reza Shokri , Amir houmansadr

Training deep neural networks via federated learning allows clients to share, instead of the original data, only the model trained on their data. Prior work has demonstrated that in practice a client's private information, unrelated to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Fan Mo , Anastasia Borovykh , Mohammad Malekzadeh , Hamed Haddadi , Soteris Demetriou

In federated learning (FL), data does not leave personal devices when they are jointly training a machine learning model. Instead, these devices share gradients, parameters, or other model updates, with a central party (e.g., a company)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic , Roei Schuster , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Ilia Shumailov , Nicolas Papernot

Distributed stochastic gradient descent is an important subroutine in distributed learning. A setting of particular interest is when the clients are mobile devices, where two important concerns are communication efficiency and the privacy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-29 Naman Agarwal , Ananda Theertha Suresh , Felix Yu , Sanjiv Kumar , H. Brendan Mcmahan

With changes in privacy laws, there is often a hard requirement for client data to remain on the device rather than being sent to the server. Therefore, most processing happens on the device, and only an altered element is sent to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Ajinkya K Mulay