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Virtual inertia is an effective control approach to attenuate sudden voltage changes during transient events in low-inertia DC grids. While methods have been proposed to implement virtual inertia, its impact on DC grid stability in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-09 Hao Tu , Hui Yu , Srdjan Lukic

As renewable resources gradually replace conventional generation based synchronous machines, the dynamics of the modern grid changes significantly and the system synchronous inertia decreases substantially. This transformation poses severe…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-09 Mingjian Tuo , Xingpeng Li

The renewable energy is connected to the power grid through power electronic converters, which are lack of make the inertia of synchronous generator/machine (SM) be lost. The increasing penetration of renewable energy in power system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Yuan Gao , Hai-Peng Ren , Jie Li

This paper studies the frequency response using PV. Multiple control strategies are considered and simulated in the high PV ERCOT model, including inertia control, synthetic governor control, and AGC control. The impact of different…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Shutang You

Online Feedback Optimization leverages properties of optimization algorithms to develop controllers for systems with limited model availability, which is often the case in process control. The interplay between the parameters of the chosen…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Marta Zagorowska , Lukas Ortmann , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Lars Imsland

The infusion of renewable energy sources into the conventional synchronous generation system decreases the overall system inertia and negatively impacts the stability of its primary frequency response. The lowered inertia is due to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-11 Mohamed Abuagreb , Ahmed Abuhussein , Saif alZahir

This paper investigates the transient stability of power systems co-dominated by different types of grid-forming (GFM) devices. Synchronous generators (SGs and VSGs) and droop-controlled inverters are typical GFM devices in modern power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-13 Xiuqiang He , Hua Geng

Transient energy growth suppression is a common control objective for feedback flow control aimed at delaying transition to turbulence. A prevailing control approach in this context is observer-based feedback, in which a full-state feedback…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-06 Maziar S. Hemati , Huaijin Yao

The reduced inertia in power system introduces more operation risks and challenges to frequency regulation. The existing virtual inertia and frequency support control are restricted by the normally non-dispatchable energy resources behind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Chu Sun , Syed Qaseem Ali , Geza Joos

Large-scale integration of inverter-based resources into power grids worldwide is challenging their stability and security. This paper takes a closer look at synchronous condensers as a solution to mitigate stability challenges caused by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Amir Sajadi , Barry Mather , Bri-Mathias Hodge

The increasing integration of renewable energy resources into power grids has led to time-varying system inertia and consequent degradation in frequency dynamics. A promising solution to alleviate performance degradation is using power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Jie Feng , Wenqi Cui , Jorge Cortés , Yuanyuan Shi

The grid-following and grid-forming controls in voltage-source converters are considered as different operation modes and the synchronization mechanism of them are studied separately. In this article, the intrinsic relationships between…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-08 Kaizhe Zhang

This study examines the transient stability of low-inertia power systems with inverter-based generation (IBG) and proposes a sufficient stability criterion. In low-inertia grids, transient interactions are induced between the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Changjun He , Xiuqiang He , Hua Geng , Huadong Sun , Shiyun Xu

This study presents a synchronisation-oriented perspective towards adaptive control which views model-referenced adaptation as synchronisation between actual and virtual dynamic systems. In the context of adaptation, model reference…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-15 Namhoon Cho , Seokwon Lee , Hyo-Sang Shin

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

To ensure frequency stability in future low-inertia power grids, fast ancillary services such as fast frequency reserves (FFR) have been proposed. In this work, the coordination of conventional (slow) frequency containment reserves (FCR)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-08 Joakim Björk , Karl Henrik Johansson , Florian Dörfler

In this article, we present a new model for a synchronous generator based on phasor measurement units (PMUs) data. The proposed sub-transient model allows to estimate the dynamic state variables as well as to calibrate model parameters. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-16 Pablo Marchi , Francisco Messina , Leonardo Rey Vega , Cecilia Galarza

This paper presents a systematic approach to nonlinear state-feedback control design that has three main advantages: (i) it ensures exponential stability and $ \mathcal{L}_2 $-gain performance with respect to a user-defined set of reference…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Ruigang Wang , Roland Tóth , Patrick J. W. Koelwijn , Ian R. Manchester

We consider the problem of grid-forming control of power converters in low-inertia power systems. Starting from an average-switch three-phase inverter model, we draw parallels to a synchronous machine (SM) model and propose a novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-27 Catalin Arghir , Taouba Jouini , Florian Dorfler

Grid-forming (GFM) capability requirements are increasingly imposed on grid-connected voltage-source converters (VSCs). Under large grid disturbances, GFM-VSCs need to remain stable while providing GFM services. Yet, such objectives, as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang