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Graph-based methods have proven to be effective in capturing relationships among points for 3D point cloud analysis. However, these methods often suffer from suboptimal graph structures, particularly due to sparse connections at boundary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Shangbo Yuan , Jie Xu , Ping Hu , Xiaofeng Zhu , Na Zhao

We analyze graph smoothing with \emph{mean aggregation}, where each node successively receives the average of the features of its neighbors. Indeed, it has quickly been observed that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which generally follow some…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-11 Nicolas Keriven

Graph Convolution Networks (GCN) are widely used in learning graph representations due to their effectiveness and efficiency. However, they suffer from the notorious over-smoothing problem, in which the learned representations of densely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Xin Xin , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Ioannis Arapakis , Joemon M. Jose

Research on Graph Structure Learning (GSL) provides key insights for graph-based clustering, yet current methods like Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), Graph Attention Networks (GATs), and contrastive learning often rely heavily on the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jingyun Zhang , Hao Peng , Li Sun , Guanlin Wu , Chunyang Liu , Zhengtao Yu

Increasing the depth of GCN, which is expected to permit more expressivity, is shown to incur performance detriment especially on node classification. The main cause of this lies in over-smoothing. The over-smoothing issue drives the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Wenbing Huang , Yu Rong , Tingyang Xu , Fuchun Sun , Junzhou Huang

Graph clustering (or community detection) has long drawn enormous attention from the research on web mining and information networks. Recent literature on this topic has reached a consensus that node contents and link structures should be…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Carl Yang , Mengxiong Liu , Zongyi Wang , Liyuan Liu , Jiawei Han

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to process data associated with graphs. They are finding an increasing range of applications; however, as with other modern machine learning techniques, their theoretical understanding is limited.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-23 O. Duranthon , L. Zdeborová

The shared topology of human skeletons motivated the recent investigation of graph convolutional network (GCN) solutions for action recognition. However, most of the existing GCNs rely on the binary connection of two neighboring vertices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Youwei Zhou , Tianyang Xu , Cong Wu , Xiaojun Wu , Josef Kittler

Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) is a model that can effectively handle graph data tasks and has been successfully applied. However, for large-scale graph datasets, GCN still faces the challenge of high computational overhead, especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Guan Wang , Shuyin Xia , Lei Qian , Tao Wu , Guoyin Wang , Yi Wang , Wei Wang

The emergence of graph neural networks (GNNs) has offered a powerful tool for semi-supervised node classification tasks. Subsequent studies have achieved further improvements through refining the message passing schemes in GNN models or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Songbo Wang , Renchi Yang , Yurui Lai , Xiaoyang Lin , Tsz Nam Chan

Graph clustering plays a pivotal role in unsupervised learning methods like spectral clustering, yet traditional methods for graph clustering often perpetuate bias through unfair graph constructions that may underrepresent some groups. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Adithya K Moorthy , V Vijaya Saradhi , Bhanu Prasad

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have been widely applied in various fields due to their significant power on processing graph-structured data. Typical GCN and its variants work under a homophily assumption (i.e., nodes with same class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Tao Wang , Rui Wang , Di Jin , Dongxiao He , Yuxiao Huang

We propose an adaptive graph coarsening method to jointly learn graph neural network (GNN) parameters and merge nodes via K-means clustering during training. As real-world graphs grow larger, processing them directly becomes increasingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Rostyslav Olshevskyi , Madeline Navarro , Santiago Segarra

In representation learning on the graph-structured data, under heterophily (or low homophily), many popular GNNs may fail to capture long-range dependencies, which leads to their performance degradation. To solve the above-mentioned issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Mengying Jiang , Guizhong Liu , Yuanchao Su , Xinliang Wu

Most existing semi-supervised graph-based clustering methods exploit the supervisory information by either refining the affinity matrix or directly constraining the low-dimensional representations of data points. The affinity matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Huaming Ling , Chenglong Bao , Xin Liang , Zuoqiang Shi

The decoupled Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), a recent development of GCN that decouples the neighborhood aggregation and feature transformation in each convolutional layer, has shown promising performance for graph representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Jinsong Chen , Boyu Li , Kun He

In recent years, models based on Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) have made significant strides in the field of graph data analysis. However, challenges such as over-smoothing and over-compression remain when handling large-scale and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Binxiong Li , Xu Xiang , Xue Li , Binyu Zhao , Heyang Gao , Qinyu Zhao

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) are Graph Neural Networks where the convolutions are applied over a graph. In contrast to Convolutional Neural Networks, GCN's are designed to perform inference on graphs, where the number of nodes can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Adrian Moldovan , Angel Caţaron , Răzvan Andonie

Despite Graph neural networks' significant performance gain over many classic techniques in various graph-related downstream tasks, their successes are restricted in shallow models due to over-smoothness and the difficulties of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jin Li , Qirong Zhang , Shuling Xu , Xinlong Chen , Longkun Guo , Yang-Geng Fu

Attributed graph clustering holds significant importance in modern data analysis. However, due to the complexity of graph data and the heterogeneity of node attributes, leveraging graph information for clustering remains challenging. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Binxiong Li , Xu Xiang , Xue Li , Quanzhou Lou , Binyu Zhao , Yujie Liu , Huijie Tang , Benhan Yang