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Optical interconnection networks, as enabled by recent advances in silicon photonic device and fabrication technology, have the potential to address on-chip and off-chip communication bottlenecks in many-core systems. Although several…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Moustafa Mohamed , Zheng Li , Xi Chen , Alan Mickelson

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture is crucial for scaling large language models, but its scalability is severely limited by inter-GPU communication bottlenecks in multi-GPU systems. Although overlapping communication with computation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhuoshan Zhou , Chen Zhang , Shuyi Zhang , Qijun Zhang , Haibo Wang , Zhe Zhou , Zhipeng Tu , Guangyu Sun , Yijia Diao , Zhigang Ji , Jingwen Leng , Guanghui He , Minyi Guo

Future nano-scale electronics built up from an Avogadro number of components needs efficient, highly scalable, and robust means of communication in order to be competitive with traditional silicon approaches. In recent years, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-07-01 Christof Teuscher

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale up, mixture-of-experts (MoE) has become a common technology in SOTA models. MoE models rely on expert parallelism (EP) to alleviate memory bottleneck, which introduces all-to-all…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Xinru Tang , Jingxiang Hou , Dingcheng Jiang , Taiquan Wei , Jiaxin Liu , Jinyi Deng , Huizheng Wang , Qize Yang , Haoran Shang , Chao Li , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin

Existing works on cell-free systems consider either coherent or non-coherent downlink data transmission and a network deployment with a single central processing unit (CPU). While it is known that coherent transmission outperforms…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Roberto P. Antonioli , Iran M. Braga , Gabor Fodor , Yuri C. B. Silva , Walter C. Freitas

Noncoherent communication is a promising paradigm for future wireless systems where acquiring accurate channel state information (CSI) is challenging or infeasible. It provides methods to bypass the need for explicit channel estimation in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Khac-Hoang Ngo , Diego Cuevas , Ruben de Miguel Gil , Victor Monzon Baeza , Ana Garcia Armada , Ignacio Santamaria

The Network on Chip (NoC) paradigm is rapidly replacing bus based System on Chip (SoC) designs due to their inherent disadvantages such as non-scalability, saturation and congestion. Currently very few tools are available for the simulation…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-05-01 Sheraz Anjum , Ehsan Ullah Munir , Waqas Anwar , Nadeem Javaid

Generative models have achieved remarkable success across various applications, driving the demand for multi-GPU computing. Inter-GPU communication becomes a bottleneck in multi-GPU computing systems, particularly on consumer-grade GPUs. By…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Ke Hong , Xiuhong Li , Minxu Liu , Qiuli Mao , Tianqi Wu , Zixiao Huang , Lufang Chen , Zhong Wang , Yichong Zhang , Zhenhua Zhu , Guohao Dai , Yu Wang

The increasing demands for computing performance have been a reality regardless of the requirements for smaller and more energy efficient devices. Throughout the years, the strategy adopted by industry was to increase the robustness of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Hugo Andrade , Ivica Crnkovic

Heterogeneous multi-core architectures combine a few "host" cores, optimized for single-thread performance, with many small energy-efficient "accelerator" cores for data-parallel processing, on a single chip. Offloading a computation to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luca Colagrande , Luca Benini

Brain network is a large-scale complex network with scale-free, small-world, and modularity properties, which largely supports this high-efficiency massive system. In this paper, we propose to synthesize brain-network-inspired…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Mengke Ge , Xiaobing Ni , Qi Xu , Song Chen , Jinglei Huang , Yi Kang , Feng Wu

The beginning of the 21st century has seen many projects on distributed hash tables, both research and commercial. One of their aims has been to replace the first generation of file sharing software with scalable peer-to-peer architectures.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-17 Kari Visala

Multichip systems with memory stacks and various processing chips are at the heart of platform based designs such as servers and embedded systems. Full utilization of the benefits of these integrated multichip systems need a seamless, and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Md Shahriar Shamim , M Meraj Ahmed , Naseef Mansoor , Amlan Ganguly

Domain-Specific architectures with accelerators for machine learning and signal processing require efficient bulk data movement and high-bandwidth access to large datasets. Such capabilities are often absent from minimal open-source…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Philippe Sauter , Thomas Benz , Paul Scheffler , Luca Benini

Distributed Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) is a fundamental operation in high-performance computing and deep learning applications. The major performance bottleneck in distributed SpMM lies in substantial communication overhead,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chen Zhuang , Lingqi Zhang , Benjamin Brock , Du Wu , Peng Chen , Toshio Endo , Satoshi Matsuoka , Mohamed Wahib

The use of multi-chip modules (MCM) and/or multi-socket boards is the most suitable approach to increase the computation density of servers while keep chip yield attained. This paper introduces a new coherence protocol suitable, in terms of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Lucia G. Menezo , Valentin Puente , Jose A. Gregorio

As the size of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models and datasets grows, the memory bandwidth becomes a critical bottleneck. The paper presents a novel extended memory hierarchy that addresses some major memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jordi Altayo , Paul Delestrac , David Novo , Simey Yang , Debjyoti Bhattacharjee , Francky Catthoor

Wireless Networks-on-Chip (WNoCs) are regarded as a disruptive alternative to conventional interconnection networks at the chip scale, yet limited by the relatively low aggregate bandwidth of such wireless networks. Hence, any method to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Fátima Rodríguez-Galán , Elana Pereira de Santana , Peter Haring Bolívar , Sergi Abadal , Eduard Alarcón

We introduce the concept of smart radio environments, currently intensely studied for wireless communication in metasurface-programmable meter-scaled environments (e.g., inside rooms), on the chip scale. Wireless networks-on-chips (WNoCs)…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-06-27 Mohammadreza F. Imani , Sergi Abadal , Philipp del Hougne

Machine intelligence, especially using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has become a large area of research over the past years. Increasingly sophisticated hardware accelerators are proposed that exploit e.g. the sparsity in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Andreas Bytyn , René Ahlsdorf , Rainer Leupers , Gerd Ascheid