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Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscopes are widely used, e.g. in modern automotive and consumer applications, and require signal stability and accuracy in rather harsh environmental conditions. In many use cases, device reliability…
Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models for language modeling, yet the effective design of transformer architectures for MDMs remains underexplored. In this paper, we show that…
Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the development of high-performance architected cellular materials, emphasizing the growing importance of establishing programmable and predictable energy absorption capabilities. This study evaluates the…
Deep optical optimization has recently emerged as a new paradigm for designing computational imaging systems using only the output image as the objective. However, it has been limited to either simple optical systems consisting of a single…
One of the important advantages of optical metasurfaces over conventional diffractive optical elements is their capability to efficiently deflect light by large angles. However, metasurfaces are conventionally designed using approaches that…
A conventional refractive lens surface can act as a positive (converging) or negative (diverging) lens, but the same surface cannot act as both. We show that a geometric phase metasurface lens can have the unique property of acting both as…
Deep neural networks show great potential for automating various visual quality inspection tasks in manufacturing. However, their applicability is limited in more volatile scenarios, such as remanufacturing, where the inspected products and…
Disaggregated performance metrics across demographic groups are a hallmark of fairness assessments in computer vision. These metrics successfully incentivized performance improvements on person-centric tasks such as face analysis and are…
The scientific computation of large deformations in elastic-plastic solids is crucial in various manufacturing applications. Traditional numerical methods exhibit several inherent limitations, prompting Deep Learning (DL) as a promising…
In principle, diffractive optics, particularly Phase Fresnel Lenses (PFLs), offer the ability to construct large, diffraction-limited, and highly efficient X-ray/$\gamma$-ray telescopes, leading to dramatic improvement in angular resolution…
Thick diffractive optical elements offer a promising way to achieve focusing or imaging at a resolution approaching 1 nm for X-ray wavelengths shorter than about 0.1 nm. Efficient focusing requires that these are fabricated with structures…
Metasurface optics have demonstrated vast potential for implementing traditional optical components in an ultra-compact and lightweight form factor. Metasurface lenses, also called metalenses, however, suffer from severe chromatic…
Unraveling the connections between microscopic structure, emergent physical properties, and slow dynamics has long been a challenge when studying the glass transition. The absence of clear visible structural order in amorphous…
Classification of features in a scene typically requires conversion of the incoming photonic field into the electronic domain. Recently, an alternative approach has emerged whereby passive structured materials can perform classification…
With continuous progression of Moore's Law, integrated circuit (IC) device complexity is also increasing. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image based extensive defect inspection and accurate metrology extraction are two main challenges…
Deep Learning (DL) has been widely adopted in diverse industrial domains, including autonomous driving, intelligent healthcare, and aided programming. Like traditional software, DL systems are also prone to faults, whose malfunctioning may…
Multimode interference reflectors (MIRs) were recently introduced as a new type of photonic integrated devices for on-chip, broadband light reflection. In the original proposal, different MIRs were demonstrated based on total internal…
Diffusion language models (DLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to the long-dominant autoregressive (AR) paradigm, offering a parallelable decoding process that could yield greater efficiency. Yet, in practice, current open-source…
The angular response of thin diffractive optical elements is highly correlated. For example, the angles of incidence and diffraction of a grating are locked through the grating momentum determined by the grating period. Other diffractive…
RDD (Regression discontinuity design) is a widely used framework for identifying and estimating causal effects at the cutoff of a single running variable. In practice, however, decision-making often involves multiple thresholds and…