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This article provides a comprehensive synthesis of the recent developments in synthetic data generation via deep generative models, focusing on tabular datasets. We specifically outline the importance of synthetic data generation in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Conor Hassan , Robert Salomone , Kerrie Mengersen

Synthetic Data Generation (SDG) can be used to facilitate privacy-preserving data sharing. However, most existing research focuses on privacy attacks where the adversary is the recipient of the released synthetic data and attempts to infer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Qinyi Liu , Dong Liu , Sam Urmian , Mohammad Khalil , Pedro P. Vergara Barrios

Advances in generative models have transformed the field of synthetic image generation for privacy-preserving data synthesis (PPDS). However, the field lacks a comprehensive survey and comparison of synthetic image generation methods across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Yunsung Chung , Yunbei Zhang , Nassir Marrouche , Jihun Hamm

Generative text-to-image models enable us to synthesize unlimited amounts of images in a controllable manner, spurring many recent efforts to train vision models with synthetic data. However, every synthetic image ultimately originates from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Scott Geng , Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Vivek Ramanujan , Matthew Wallingford , Chun-Liang Li , Pang Wei Koh , Ranjay Krishna

High-quality open-source text-to-image models have lowered the threshold for obtaining photorealistic images significantly, but also face potential risks of misuse. Specifically, suspects may use synthetic data generated by these generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yuechen Xie , Jie Song , Huiqiong Wang , Mingli Song

Training models to high-end performance requires availability of large labeled datasets, which are expensive to get. The goal of our work is to automatically synthesize labeled datasets that are relevant for a downstream task. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Amlan Kar , Aayush Prakash , Ming-Yu Liu , Eric Cameracci , Justin Yuan , Matt Rusiniak , David Acuna , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

As large language models (LLMs) are applied to more use cases, creating high quality, task-specific datasets for fine-tuning becomes a bottleneck for model improvement. Using high quality human data has been the most common approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yung-Chieh Chan , George Pu , Apaar Shanker , Parth Suresh , Penn Jenks , John Heyer , Sam Denton

What happens when generative machine learning models are pretrained on web-scale datasets containing data generated by earlier models? Some prior work warns of "model collapse" as the web is overwhelmed by synthetic data; other work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Joshua Kazdan , Rylan Schaeffer , Apratim Dey , Matthias Gerstgrasser , Rafael Rafailov , David L. Donoho , Sanmi Koyejo

Graph learning algorithms have attained state-of-the-art performance on many graph analysis tasks such as node classification, link prediction, and clustering. It has, however, become hard to track the field's burgeoning progress. One…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Anton Tsitsulin , Benedek Rozemberczki , John Palowitch , Bryan Perozzi

Clinical Question Answering (QA) systems enable doctors to quickly access patient information from electronic health records (EHRs). However, training these systems requires significant annotated data, which is limited due to the expertise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Fan Bai , Keith Harrigian , Joel Stremmel , Hamid Hassanzadeh , Ardavan Saeedi , Mark Dredze

Tabular data is one of the most prevalent and important data formats in real-world applications such as healthcare, finance, and education. However, its effective use in machine learning is often constrained by data scarcity, privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Ruxue Shi , Yili Wang , Mengnan Du , Xu Shen , Yi Chang , Xin Wang

Automated insight generation is a common tactic for helping knowledge workers, such as data scientists, to quickly understand the potential value of new and unfamiliar data. Unfortunately, automated insights produced by large-language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Ananya Singha , Bhavya Chopra , Anirudh Khatry , Sumit Gulwani , Austin Z. Henley , Vu Le , Chris Parnin , Mukul Singh , Gust Verbruggen

For a fixed parameter size, the capabilities of large models are primarily determined by the quality and quantity of its training data. Consequently, training datasets now grow faster than the rate at which new data is indexed on the web,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Minqi Jiang , João G. M. Araújo , Will Ellsworth , Sian Gooding , Edward Grefenstette

Generating synthetic data through generative models is gaining interest in the ML community and beyond. In the past, synthetic data was often regarded as a means to private data release, but a surge of recent papers explore how its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Boris van Breugel , Mihaela van der Schaar

A common and effective means for improving language model capabilities involves finetuning a ``student'' language model's parameters on generations from a more proficient ``teacher'' model. Termed ``synthetic data'', these generations are…

Recent text-to-image generation models have shown promising results in generating high-fidelity photo-realistic images. Though the results are astonishing to human eyes, how applicable these generated images are for recognition tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Ruifei He , Shuyang Sun , Xin Yu , Chuhui Xue , Wenqing Zhang , Philip Torr , Song Bai , Xiaojuan Qi

There is significant growth and interest in the use of synthetic data as an enabler for machine learning in environments where the release of real data is restricted due to privacy or availability constraints. Despite a large number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Harrison Wilde , Jack Jewson , Sebastian Vollmer , Chris Holmes

Transfer learning can significantly improve the sample efficiency of neural networks, by exploiting the relatedness between a data-scarce target task and a data-abundant source task. Despite years of successful applications, transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Federica Gerace , Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Andrew Saxe , Lenka Zdeborová

Data-centric AI approach aims to enhance the model performance without modifying the model and has been shown to impact model performance positively. While recent attention has been given to data-centric AI based on synthetic data, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Chanjun Park , Seonmin Koo , Seolhwa Lee , Jaehyung Seo , Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective method for synthesizing data to train question-answering systems. For training, fine-tuning GPT models is a common practice in resource-rich languages like English, however, it becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Kosuke Takahashi , Takahiro Omi , Kosuke Arima , Tatsuya Ishigaki
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