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The recent tremendous success of unsupervised word embeddings in a multitude of applications raises the obvious question if similar methods could be derived to improve embeddings (i.e. semantic representations) of word sequences as well. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Matteo Pagliardini , Prakhar Gupta , Martin Jaggi

Learning vector representation for words is an important research field which may benefit many natural language processing tasks. Two limitations exist in nearly all available models, which are the bias caused by the context definition and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Xuefeng Yang , Kezhi Mao

Bilingual word embeddings have been widely used to capture the similarity of lexical semantics in different human languages. However, many applications, such as cross-lingual semantic search and question answering, can be largely benefited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Haochen Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Steven Skiena , Carlo Zaniolo

Most state-of-the-art models in natural language processing (NLP) are neural models built on top of large, pre-trained, contextual language models that generate representations of words in context and are fine-tuned for the task at hand.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Brian Lester , Daniel Pressel , Amy Hemmeter , Sagnik Ray Choudhury , Srinivas Bangalore

Multimodal Language Analysis is a demanding area of research, since it is associated with two requirements: combining different modalities and capturing temporal information. During the last years, several works have been proposed in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Panagiotis Koromilas , Theodoros Giannakopoulos

We show state-of-the-art word representation learning methods maximize an objective function that is a lower bound on the mutual information between different parts of a word sequence (i.e., a sentence). Our formulation provides an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Lingpeng Kong , Cyprien de Masson d'Autume , Wang Ling , Lei Yu , Zihang Dai , Dani Yogatama

Transformer has demonstrated its great power to learn contextual word representations for multiple languages in a single model. To process multilingual sentences in the model, a learnable vector is usually assigned to each language, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Shengjie Luo , Kaiyuan Gao , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Di He , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

Recently, there has been a lot of effort to represent words in continuous vector spaces. Those representations have been shown to capture both semantic and syntactic information about words. However, distributed representations of phrases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-19 Rémi Lebret , Ronan Collobert

Contextual word representations derived from large-scale neural language models are successful across a diverse set of NLP tasks, suggesting that they encode useful and transferable features of language. To shed light on the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Nelson F. Liu , Matt Gardner , Yonatan Belinkov , Matthew E. Peters , Noah A. Smith

A variety of contextualised language models have been proposed in the NLP community, which are trained on diverse corpora to produce numerous Neural Language Models (NLMs). However, different NLMs have reported different levels of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Keigo Takahashi , Danushka Bollegala

Autoregressive language models (LMs) generate one token at a time, yet human reasoning operates over higher-level abstractions - sentences, propositions, and concepts. This contrast raises a central question- Can LMs likewise learn to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hyeonbin Hwang , Byeongguk Jeon , Seungone Kim , Jiyeon Kim , Hoyeon Chang , Sohee Yang , Seungpil Won , Dohaeng Lee , Youbin Ahn , Minjoon Seo

High-dimensional distributed semantic spaces have proven useful and effective for aggregating and processing visual, auditory, and lexical information for many tasks related to human-generated data. Human language makes use of a large and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Jussi Karlgren , Pentti Kanerva

We propose new static word embeddings optimised for sentence semantic representation. We first extract word embeddings from a pre-trained Sentence Transformer, and improve them with sentence-level principal component analysis, followed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Takashi Wada , Yuki Hirakawa , Ryotaro Shimizu , Takahiro Kawashima , Yuki Saito

Ensembling word embeddings to improve distributed word representations has shown good success for natural language processing tasks in recent years. These approaches either carry out straightforward mathematical operations over a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-14 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

In this paper, we introduce personalized word embeddings, and examine their value for language modeling. We compare the performance of our proposed prediction model when using personalized versus generic word representations, and study how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Charles Welch , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld , Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Rada Mihalcea

Speech foundation models trained with self-supervised learning produce generic speech representations that support a wide range of speech processing tasks. When further adapted with supervised learning, these models can achieve strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Maryem Bouziane , Salima Mdhaffar , Yannick Estève

Pre-trained contextualized language models such as BERT have shown great effectiveness in a wide range of downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, the effective representations offered by the models target at each token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Yian Li , Hai Zhao

Computing universal distributed representations of sentences is a fundamental task in natural language processing. We propose a method to learn such representations by encoding the suffixes of word sequences in a sentence and training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Siddhartha Brahma

Word embedding methods revolve around learning continuous distributed vector representations of words with neural networks, which can capture semantic and/or syntactic cues, and in turn be used to induce similarity measures among words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Kuan-Yu Chen , Shih-Hung Liu , Berlin Chen , Hsin-Min Wang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Phrase representations play an important role in data science and natural language processing, benefiting various tasks like Entity Alignment, Record Linkage, Fuzzy Joins, and Paraphrase Classification. The current state-of-the-art method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Lihu Chen , Gaël Varoquaux , Fabian M. Suchanek