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Standard cosmic microwave background (CMB) analyses constrain cosmological and astrophysical parameters by fitting parametric models to multifrequency power spectra (MFPS). However, such methods do not optimally weight maps in power…
Noise pollution investigation takes advantage of two common methods of diagnosis: measurement using a Sound Level Meter and acoustical imaging. The former enables a detailed analysis of the surrounding noise spectrum whereas the latter is…
Entanglement entropy, which is a measure of quantum correlations between separate parts of a many-body system, has emerged recently as a fundamental quantity in broad areas of theoretical physics, from cosmology and field theory to…
The aim of this chapter is to describe two situations where positive noise correlations can be directly monitored using a transport experiment, either with a superconductor or with a correlated electron system. To be more precise, the…
A two-particle interferometer is theoretically analyzed, to show how decoherence induced by interactions with the environment affects time correlations, a process we call time-correlation de-coherence. Specifically, on the basis of simple…
White noise measurement can provide very useful information in addition to normal transport measurements. For example thermal noise measurement can be used at sub Kelvin temperature to determine the absolute electron temperature without…
It has been recently suggested that optical interferometers may not require a phase-stable optical link between the stations if instead sources of quantum-mechanically entangled pairs could be provided to them, enabling extra-long baselines…
The internal linear combination (ILC) method is a popular approach for constructing component-separated maps in cosmic microwave background (CMB) analyses. It optimally combines observed maps at different frequencies to produce an unbiased…
Proper modelling of astronomical receivers is vital: it describes the systematic errors in the raw data, guides the receiver design process, and assists data calibration. In this paper we describe a method of analytically modelling the full…
A new generation of interferometric instruments is emerging which aim to use intensity mapping of redshifted $21\,$cm radiation to measure the large-scale structure of the Universe at $z\simeq 1-2$ over wide areas of sky. While these…
We analyze quantum metrological protocols, where the sensing system is linearly coupled to a bosonic environment, by performing a Markovian embedding of the problem based on pseudomode formalism. This allows us to effectively model the…
The cross-correlation sensitivity of two identical balanced photodiode heterodyne receivers is characterized. Both balanced photodiodes receive the same weak signal split up equally, a situation equivalent to an astronomical spatial…
It is demonstrated a two-photon interfering technique based on polarization-resolved measurements for the simultaneous estimation with the maximum sensitivity achievable in nature of multiple parameters associated with the polarization…
We analyze an intensity interferometry measurement carried out with two point-like detectors facing a distant source (e.g., a star) that may be partially occluded by an absorptive object (e.g., a planet). Such a measurement, based on the…
We propose an optical ring interferometer to observe environment-induced spatial decoherence of massive objects. The object is held in a harmonic trap and scatters light between degenerate modes of a ring cavity. The output signal of the…
Matter-wave interferometry with solids is highly susceptible to minute fluctuations of environmental fields, including gravitational effects from distant sources. Hence, experiments require a degree of shielding that is extraordinarily…
We propose a versatile quantum sensing protocol based on two dissipatively coupled distant atoms embedded as impurities in a two-dimensional sub-wavelength atomic array. The array acts as a waveguide for the emitter light, creating…
By exploiting the correlation properties of ultracold atoms in a multi-mode interferometer, we show how quantum enhanced measurement precision can be achieved with strong robustness to particle loss. While the potential for enhanced…
Classical optical interferometery requires maintaining live, phase-stable links between telescope stations. This requirement greatly adds to the cost of extending to long baseline separations, and limits on baselines will in turn limit the…
Using visible, radio, microwave, and sub-mm data, we study several lines of sight toward stars generally closer than 1 kpc on a component-by-component basis. We derive the component structure seen in absorption at visible wavelengths from…