Related papers: Flipped Quartification and a composite $b$-quark
Quarks come in three colors and have electric charges in multiples of one-third. There are also three families of quarks and leptons. Whereas the first two properties can be understood in terms of unification symmetries such as SU(5),…
The quantum double construction of a $q$-deformed boson algebra possessing a Hopf algebra structure is carried out explicitly. The $R$-matrix thus obtained is compared with the existing literature.
We define the twisted doubling zeta integrals of Cai-Friedberg-Ginzburg-Kaplan in the setting of algebraic families. We then prove a rationality result and a functional equation for these zeta integrals. This allows us to define an…
The crystal base of the modified quantized enveloping algebras of type $A_{+\infty}$ or $A_\infty$ is realized as a set of integral bimatrices. It is obtained by describing the decomposition of the tensor product of a highest weight crystal…
It is shown that realistic models can be constructed in which the Standard Model Higgs field is in a non-trivial multiplet of a non-abelian family group of the quarks and leptons. It is shown that the observed quark and lepton masses and…
An option of composite quarks and leptons is briefly outlined, where elementary color-triplet quark-like fermions are bound with an elementary color-triplet isoscalar scalar boson due to the color coupling 3* x 3* -> 3 and 3* x 3 -> 1,…
A family of quantum cluster algebras is introduced and studied. In general, these algebras are new, but subclasses have been studied previously by other authors. The algebras are indexed by double partitions or double flag varieties.…
We compute fragmentation functions for a quark to fragment to a quarkonium through an $S$-wave spin-triplet heavy quark-antiquark pair. We consider both color-singlet and color-octet heavy quark-antiquark ($Q\bar Q$) pairs. We give results…
Quantum universal enveloping algebras, quantum elliptic algebras and double (deformed) Yangians provide fundamental algebraic structures relevant for many integrable systems. They are described in the FRT formalism by R-matrices which are…
Baxter permutations are known to be in bijection with a wide number of combinatorial objects. Previously, it was shown that each of these objects had a natural involution which was carried equivariantly by the known bijections, and the…
Qutrits, the triple level quantum systems in various forms, have been proposed for quantum information processing recently. By the methods presented in this paper a bi-photonic qutrit, which is encoded with the polarizations of two photons…
We consider the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method with a new R-matrix depending on two parameters $q$ and $t$. We find that the underlying algebraic structure is the two-parameter deformed algebra $SU_{q,t}(2)$ enlarged by introducing an…
The two-sided quaternion Fourier transform satisfies some uncertainty principles similar to the Euclidean Fourier transform. A generalization of Beurling's theorem, Hardy, Cowling-Price and Gelfand-Shilov theorems, is obtained for the…
Uniform superpositions over permutations play a central role in quantum error correction, cryptography, and combinatorial optimisation. We introduce a simple yet powerful quantisation of the classical Fisher-Yates shuffle, yielding a suite…
We present a family of loss-tolerant quantum strong coin flipping protocols; each protocol differing in the number of qubits employed. For a single qubit we obtain a bias of 0.4, reproducing the result of Berl\'{i}n et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80,…
We provide a generalization of Bianchi's triply conjugate systems containing a family of deformations of 2-dimensional quadrics together with its B\"{a}cklund transformation to higher dimensions.
Alpha clustering in nuclei is considered with the quartet model (QM) where four valence nucleons (the quartet) move on the top of the core (daughter) nucleus. In the QM approach, it is assumed that the intrinsic wave function of the quartet…
A mechanism to have the quark mass hierarchy in the supersymmetric composite model is proposed. The source of the hierarchy is the kinetic-term mixing between composite quarks. Such mixing can be expected, if quarks are composite particles.…
We discuss an unusual phenomenon in (integral) positive ternary quadratic forms. We also describe an interesting pairing of genera of ternary forms.
The fundamental properties of biquaternions (complexified quaternions) are presented including several different representations, some of them new, and definitions of fundamental operations such as the scalar and vector parts, conjugates,…