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We study the problem of how a ``living'' system complex in structure can respond perfectly to local changes in the environment. Such a system is assumed to consist of a distributed ``living'' medium and a hierarchical ``supplying'' network…
People organize in groups and contagions spread across them. A simple process, but complex to model due to dynamical correlations within groups and between groups. Groups can also change as agents join and leave them to avoid infection. To…
Regularity properties of solutions for a class of quasi-stationary models in one spatial dimension for stress-modulated growth in the presence of a nutrient field are proven. At a given point in time the configuration of a body after pure…
We consider distributed networks, such as peer-to-peer networks, whose structure can be manipulated by adjusting the rules by which vertices enter and leave the network. We focus in particular on degree distributions and show that, with…
We investigate the evolution of a population of non-interacting particles which undergo diffusion and multiplication. Diffusion is assumed to be homogeneous, while multiplication proceeds with different rates reflecting the distribution of…
We consider a basic model of a dynamical distribution network, modeled as a directed graph with storage variables corresponding to every vertex and flow inputs corresponding to every edge, subject to unknown but constant inflows and…
A key problem in the study and design of complex systems is the apparent disconnection between the microscopic and the macroscopic. It is not straightforward to identify the local interactions that give rise to an observed global…
The cohesiveness of response to external stimuli depends on rapid distortion-free information transfer across the network. Aligning with the information from the network has been used to model such information transfer. Nevertheless, the…
Product-form queueing networks (PFQNs) admit steady-state distributions that factorize into local terms, and in many classical PFQNs including Jackson, BCMP, G-networks, and Energy Packet Networks, these marginals are geometric and…
Many real-world networks, ranging from subway systems to polymer structures and fungal mycelia, do not form by the incremental addition of individual nodes but instead grow through the successive extension and intersection of lines or…
Microvessels -blood vessels with diameter less than 200 microns- form large, intricate networks organized into arterioles, capillaries and venules. In these networks, the distribution of flow and pressure drop is a highly interlaced…
A mechanism for self-organization of the degree of connectivity in model neural networks is studied. Network connectivity is regulated locally on the basis of an order parameter of the global dynamics which is estimated from an observable…
Different types of interactions coexist and coevolve to shape the structure and function of a multiplex network. We propose here a general class of growth models in which the various layers of a multiplex network coevolve through a set of…
In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria form networks that range from highly fused interconnected structures to fragmented populations of individual organelles that undergo transient interactions. These structures can be described as temporal…
Co-evolutionary adaptive mechanisms are not only ubiquitous in nature, but also beneficial for the functioning of a variety of systems. We here consider an adaptive network of oscillators with a stochastic, fitness-based, rule of…
In this paper, feedforward neural networks are presented that have nonlinear weight functions based on look--up tables, that are specially smoothed in a regularization called the diffusion. The idea of such a type of networks is based on…
Neuronal activity induces changes in blood flow by locally dilating vessels in the brain microvasculature. How can the local dilation of a single vessel increase flow-based metabolite supply, given that flows are globally coupled within…
Based on a non-equilibrium mechanism for spatial pattern formation we study how position information can be controlled by locally coupled discrete dynamical networks, similar to gene regulation networks of cells in a developing…
Spatial self-organization emerges in distributed systems exhibiting local interactions when nonlinearities and the appropriate propagation of signals are at work. These kinds of phenomena can be modeled with different frameworks, typically…
Urban development is shaped by historical, geographical, and economic factors, presenting challenges for planners in understanding urban form. This study models commute flows across multiple U.S. cities, uncovering consistent patterns in…