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Machine-learning-as-a-service (MLaaS) has attracted millions of users to their splendid large-scale models. Although published as black-box APIs, the valuable models behind these services are still vulnerable to imitation attacks. Recently,…

Cloud computing has drastically altered the ways in which it is possible to deliver information technologies in a service-led structure, however, this has also been reflected in the cybercrime domain. Cybercrime as a Service is an economic…

The goal of this chapter is to illuminate the operational frameworks, key actors, and significant cybersecurity implications of the Malware as a Service (MaaS) ecosystem. Highlighting the transformation of malware proliferation into a…

Machine learning as a Service (MLaaS) allows users to query the machine learning model in an API manner, which provides an opportunity for users to enjoy the benefits brought by the high-performance model trained on valuable data. This…

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) integrates different transport modalities and can support more personalisation of travellers' journey planning based on their individual preferences, behaviours and wishes. To fully achieve the potential of…

Biometric recognition, or simply biometrics, is the use of biological attributes such as face, fingerprints or iris in order to recognize an individual in an automated manner. A key application of biometrics is authentication; i.e., using…

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) applies the everything-as-a-service paradigm of Cloud Computing to transportation: a MaaS provider offers to its users the dynamic composition of solutions of different travel agencies into a single, consistent…

In the contemporary era, online social networks have become integral to social life, revolutionizing the way individuals manage their social connections. While enhancing accessibility and immediacy, these networks have concurrently given…

In this work, we propose a profile matching (or deanonymization) attack for unstructured online social networks (OSNs) in which similarity in graphical structure cannot be used for profile matching. We consider different attributes that are…

In recent years, there have been many cloud-based machine learning services, where well-trained models are provided to users on a pay-per-query scheme through a prediction API. The emergence of these services motivates this work, where we…

Crime as a Service (CaaS) has evolved from isolated criminal incidents to a broad spectrum of illicit activities, including social media manipulation, foreign information manipulation and interference (FIMI), and the sale of disinformation…

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to the privacy of machine learning models and are widely used as tools for privacy assessment, auditing, and machine unlearning. While prior MIA research has primarily focused on…

The widespread use of smartphones gives rise to new security and privacy concerns. Smartphone thefts account for the largest percentage of thefts in recent crime statistics. Using a victim's smartphone, the attacker can launch impersonation…

AI is increasingly being offered 'as a service' (AIaaS). This entails service providers offering customers access to pre-built AI models and services, for tasks such as object recognition, text translation, text-to-voice conversion, and…

Personally identifiable information (PII) can find its way into cyberspace through various channels, and many potential sources can leak such information. Data sharing (e.g. cross-agency data sharing) for machine learning and analytics is…

Membership inference attack (MIA) has become one of the most widely used and effective methods for evaluating the privacy risks of machine learning models. These attacks aim to determine whether a specific sample is part of the model's…

Smartphones with the platforms of applications are gaining extensive attention and popularity. The enormous use of different applications has paved the way to numerous security threats. The threats are in the form of attacks such as…

In the current era of interconnected cyberspace, there is an adverse effect of ransomware on individuals, startups, and large companies. Cybercriminals hold digital assets till the demand for payment is made. The success of ransomware…

Cloud computing has brought a revolution in the field of information technology and improving the efficiency of computational resources. It offers computing as a service enabling huge cost and resource efficiency. Despite its advantages,…

The upcoming WebRTC-based browser-to-browser communication services present new challenges for user discovery in peer-to-peer mode. Even more so, if we wish to enable different web communication services to interact. This paper presents…