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This study explores the dynamic landscape of Technical Debt (TD) topics in software engineering by examining its evolution across time, programming languages, and repositories. Despite the extensive research on identifying and quantifying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Karthik Shivashankar , Antonio Martini

Technical Debt occurs when development teams favour short-term operability over long-term stability. Since this places software maintainability at risk, technical debt requires early attention to avoid paying for accumulated interest. Most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Abdulaziz Alhefdhi , Hoa Khanh Dam , Yusuf Sulistyo Nugroho , Hideaki Hata , Takashi Ishio , Aditya Ghose

Software analytics can be improved by surveying; i.e. rechecking and (possibly) revising the labels offered by prior analysis. Surveying is a time-consuming task and effective surveyors must carefully manage their time. Specifically, they…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Fahmid M. Fahid , Zhe Yu , Tim Menzies

Balancing the management of technical debt within recommender systems requires effectively juggling the introduction of new features with the ongoing maintenance and enhancement of the current system. Within the realm of recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Sergio Moreschini , Ludovik Coba , Valentina Lenarduzzi

To effectively manage Technical Debt (TD), we need reliable means to quantify it. We conducted a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) where we identified TD quantification approaches that focus on different aspects of TD. Some approaches base the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Judith Perera , Ewan Tempero , Yu-Cheng Tu , Kelly Blincoe

Self-admitted technical debt refers to situations where a software developer knows that their current implementation is not optimal and indicates this using a source code comment. In this work, we hypothesize that it is possible to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Rungroj Maipradit , Christoph Treude , Hideaki Hata , Kenichi Matsumoto

The technical debt (TD) metaphor is widely used to encapsulate numerous software quality problems. She describes the trade-off between the short term benefit of taking a shortcut during the design or implementation phase of a software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ronivon Dias , Pedro Neto , Irvayne Ibiapina , Guilherme Avelino e Otavio Castro

Existing software tools enable characterizing and measuring the amount of technical debt at selective granularity levels. In this paper we aim to study the evolution and characteristics of technical debt in open-source software. We carry…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Arthur-Jozsef Molnar , Simona Motogna

Technical Debt is a metaphor used to describe the situation in which long-term software artifact quality is traded for short-term goals in software projects. In recent years, the concept of self-admitted technical debt (SATD) was proposed,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Tao Xiao , Dong Wang , Shane McIntosh , Hideaki Hata , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Takashi Ishio , Kenichi Matsumoto

Research software (also called scientific software) is essential for advancing scientific endeavours. Research software encapsulates complex algorithms and domain-specific knowledge and is a fundamental component of all science. A pervasive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Neil A. Ernst , Ahmed Musa Awon , Swapnil Hingmire , Ze Shi Li

Modern software is developed under considerable time pressure, which implies that developers more often than not have to resort to compromises when it comes to code that is well written and code that just does the job. This has led over the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Rungroj Maipradit , Bin Lin , Csaba Nagy , Gabriele Bavota , Michele Lanza , Hideaki Hata , Kenichi Matsumoto

Technical debt occurs in many different forms across software artifacts. One such form is connected to software architectures where debt emerges in the form of structural anti-patterns across architecture elements, namely, architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Damian Andrew Tamburri , Francesca Arcelli Fontana , Riccardo Roveda , Valentina Lenarduzzi

This paper presents an analysis of technical debt management through resources allocation policies in software maintenance process during its operation to demonstrate how different strategies leads to the emergence of different behaviors…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Eduardo Ferreira Franco , Joaquim Rocha , Hamilton Carvalho , Martins Marcelo , Kechi Hirama

Motivation: Technical debt is a metaphor that describes not-quite-right code introduced for short-term needs. Developers are aware of it and admit it in source code comments, which is called Self- Admitted Technical Debt (SATD). Therefore,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Moritz Mock

Technical debt is a well-known challenge in software development, and its negative impact on software quality, maintainability, and performance is widely recognized. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has proven to be a promising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Srinivas Babu Pandi , Samia A. Binta , Savita Kaushal

Technical Debt (TD) refers to non-optimal decisions made in software projects that may lead to short-term benefits, but potentially harm the system's maintenance in the long-term. Technical debt management (TDM) refers to a set of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 João Paulo Biazotto , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

Context: Technical debt management is challenging for software engineers due to poor tool support and a lack of knowledge on how to prioritize technical debt repayment and prevention activities. Furthermore, when there is a large backlog of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Matthieu Foucault , Xavier Blanc , Margaret-Anne Storey , Jean-Rémy Falleri , Cédric Teyton

Technical debt refers to the consequences of sub-optimal decisions made during software development that prioritize short-term benefits over long-term maintainability. Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) is a specific form of technical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou , Jie Tan , Jiakun Liu

Context: The term technical debt (TD) describes the aggregation of sub-optimal solutions that serve to impede the evolution and maintenance of a system. Some claim that the broken windows theory (BWT), a concept borrowed from criminology,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-29 William Levén , Hampus Broman , Terese Besker , Richard Torkar

Technical Debt (TD) identification in software projects issues is crucial for maintaining code quality, reducing long-term maintenance costs, and improving overall project health. This study advances TD classification using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Karthik Shivashankar , Mili Orucevic , Maren Maritsdatter Kruke , Antonio Martini