Related papers: $In$ $situ$ and $operando$ characterisation techni…
The desire to image specimens in liquids has led to the development of open-cell and closed-cell techniques in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The closed-cell approach is currently more common in TEM and has yielded new insights…
Thin film oxides are a source of endless fascination for the materials scientist. These materials are highly flexible, can be integrated into almost limitless combinations, and exhibit many useful functionalities for device applications.…
Perovskite solar cells are one of the most attracting cells because of remarkably improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) recently. Toward their practical application, it is important not only to increase the PCE but also to elucidate…
Operando calorimetry has previously been utilized to study degradation, side reactions, and other electrochemical effects in electrochemical cells such as batteries at or near room temperature. Calorimetric data can provide important…
The solidification behavior of a eutectic AlCu specimen is investigated via in situ scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) experiments. Solidification conditions are varied by imposing various cooling conditions via a…
Electrochemistry exploits local current heterogeneities at various scales ranging from the micrometer to the nanometer. The last decade has witnessed unprecedented progress in the development of a wide range of electroanalytical techniques…
The capabilities of a plug-flow fixed-bed cell for operando studies of heterogeneous catalysts are demonstrated using laboratory-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with a von Hamos spectrometer. The cell operates at temperatures up…
Uncovering microstructure evolution mechanisms that accompany the long-term operation of solid oxide fuel cells is a fundamental challenge in designing a more durable energy system for the future. To date, the study of fuel cell stack…
Next-generation low-cost semiconductors such as halide perovskites exhibit optoelectronic properties dominated by nanoscale variations in their structure, composition and photophysics. While microscopy provides a proxy for ultimate device…
The fabrication of micro- and nano-scale silicon electronic devices requires precision lithography and controlled processing to ensure that the electronic properties of the device are optimized. Importantly, the Si-SiO2 interface plays a…
Linking electrode microstructure to electrochemical performance is essential for optimizing Li-ion batteries. However, this requires mechanistic 4D observations at ultimate spatio-temporal scales, which remains elusive. Here we demonstrate…
The development of new engineering alloy chemistries is a time consuming and iterative process. A necessary step is characterization of the nano/microstructure to provide a link between the processing and properties of each alloy chemistry…
A novel non-destructive methodology for operando observation of ion intercalation and the state of charge on battery electrodes is presented based on spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The potentiality of this technique for performing…
Emergent phenomena at complex-oxide interfaces have become a vibrant field of study in the past two decades due to the rich physics and a wide range of possibilities for creating new states of matter and novel functionalities for potential…
All-solid-state batteries hold great promise for electric vehicle applications due to their enhanced safety and higher energy density. However, further performance optimization requires a deeper understanding of their degradation…
High-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are a potential core power-to-X (P2X) technology due to their unparalleled system efficiencies, that can exceed 85 % when excess heat from exothermic downstream processes is available.…
Identifying and controlling active sites in electrocatalysis remains a grand challenge due to restructuring of catalysts in the complex chemical environments during operation. Inactive precatalysts can transform into active catalysts under…
The development of novel functional materials in experimental labs combined with computer-based compound simulation brings the vision of materials design on a microscopic scale continuously closer to reality. For many applications interface…
A number of degradation mechanisms have been observed during the long-term operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC). Using an electrolyte charge carrier transport model, we quantify the oxygen potentials across the electrolyte and…
With the rapid development of economy, the consumption of fossil fuels, and the increasing environment pollution, there is in urgent need of seeking clean and renewable energy sources, as well as highly efficient and low-cost energy storage…