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We describe the experimental test of a quantum key distribution performed with a two-way protocol without using entanglement. An individual incoherent eavesdropping is simulated and induces a variable amount of noise on the communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-14 A. Cere' , M. Lucamarini , G. Di Giuseppe , P. Tombesi

Twin field quantum key distribution promises high key rates at long distance to beat the rate distance limit. Here, applying the sending or not sending TF QKD protocol, we experimentally demonstrate a secure key distribution breaking the…

Quantum key distribution allows secret key generation with information theoretical security. It can be realized with photonic integrated circuits to benefit the tiny footprints and the large-scale manufacturing capacity. Continuous-variable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Yiming Bian , Yang Li , Xuesong Xu , Tao Zhang , Yan Pan , Wei Huang , Song Yu , Lei Zhang , Yichen Zhang , Bingjie Xu

Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) was conjectured to beat the private capacity of a point-to-point QKD link by using single-photon interference in a central measuring station. This remarkable conjecture has recently triggered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Marcos Curty , Koji Azuma , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TFQKD) systems have shown great promise for implementing practical long-distance secure quantum communication due to its measurement-device-independent nature and its ability to offer fundamentally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-24 Xiaoqing Zhong , Wenyuan Wang , Reem Mandil , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

We propose a novel continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol that employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) in the terahertz (THz) band to enable high-throughput and secure quantum communication. By…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Mingqi Zhang , Kaveh Delfanazari

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is immune to all security loopholes on detection. Previous experiments on MDI-QKD required spatially separated signal lasers and complicated stabilization systems. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Guang-Zhao Tang , Shi-Hai Sun , Feihu Xu , Huan Chen , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows two remote parties to share information-theoretic secret keys. Many QKD protocols assume the phase of encoding state can be continuous randomized from 0 to 2 pi, which, however, may be questionable in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Rui Qiang Wang , Zhen Qiang yin , Rong Wang , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , Guang can Guo , Zhen fu Han

Quantum key distribution allows remote parties to generate information-theoretic secure keys. The bottleneck throttling its real-life applications lies in the limited communication distance and key generation speed, due to the fact that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-24 Xiongfeng Ma , Pei Zeng , Hongyi Zhou

Cyber-security has become vital for modern networked control systems (NCS). In this paper, we propose that the emerging technology of quantum key distribution (QKD) can be applied to enhance the privacy and security of NCS up to an…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Hai-Jin Ding , Re-Bing Wu , Qian-Chuan Zhao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two distant parties to share encryption keys with security based on physical laws. Experimentally, it has been implemented with optical means, achieving key rates of 1.26 Megabit/s over 50 kilometres…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-19 Marco Lucamarini , Zhiliang Yuan , James F. Dynes , Andrew J. Shields

This paper proposes a multi-mode Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) scheme able to operate at high bandwidth despite using conventional noisy, coherent detectors. We demonstrate enhancement in shotnoise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Rupesh Kumar , Xinke Tang , Adrian Wonfor , Richard Penty , Ian White

Key distribution plays a fundamental role in cryptography. Currently, the quantum scheme stands as the only known method for achieving unconditionally secure key distribution. This method has been demonstrated over distances of 508 and 1002…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Hua-Lei Yin

We present a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) using single photons in a linear superposition of three orthogonal time-bin states, for generating the key. The orthogonal states correspond to three distinct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Shashank Kumar Ranu , Anil Prabhakar , Prabha Mandayam

Any Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol consists first of sequences of measurements that produce some correlation between classical data. We show that these correlation data must violate some Bell inequality in order to contain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Antonio Acin , Nicolas Gisin , Lluis Masanes

We present a complete protocol for BB84 quantum key distribution for a realistic setting (noise, loss, multi-photon signals of the source) that covers many of todays experimental implementations. The security of this protocol is shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-10 Hitoshi Inamori , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Dominic Mayers

A crucial goal for quantum key distribution (QKD) is to transmit unconditionally secure keys over long distances. Previous studies show that the key rate of point-to-point QKD is limited by a secret key rate capacity bound, and higher key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-30 Yingqiu Mao , Pei Zeng , Teng-Yun Chen

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables Information-Theoretically Secure (ITS) key exchange, robust even against future quantum computing threats. However, a fundamental limitation of QKD is the requirement for an authenticated classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Nicolas Laurent-Puig , Mina Doosti , Adriano Innocenzi , Eleni Diamanti

A simple and general proof is given for the information theoretic (unconditional) security of the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) key exchange system under practical conditions. The unconditional security for ideal circumstances, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-30 L. B. Kish , C. G. Granqvist

Coherent-one-way quantum key distribution (COW-QKD), which requires a simple experimental setup and has the ability to withstand photon-number-splitting attacks, has been not only experimentally implemented but also commercially applied.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Rui-Qi Gao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Jie Gu , Wen-Bo Liu , Chen-Xun Weng , Bing-Hong Li , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen