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Antennas of transmitters and receivers have been manipulated to increase the capacity of transmission and reception of signals. Using many elements in antennas to shape beams and direct nulls in a particular point for optimum signal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Mboli Sechang Julius

Extremely large antenna array (ELAA) not only effectively enhances system communication performance but also improves the sensing capabilities of communication systems, making it one of the key enabling technologies in 6G wireless networks.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Boyu Teng , Xiaojun Yuan , Rui Wang , Ying-Chang Liang

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO) is an enabling technology of 5G wireless communication. The performance of an M-MIMO system is highly dependent on the speed and accuracy of obtaining the channel state information (CSI). The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-19 Xiaozhen Liu , Jin Sha , Hongxiang Xie , Feifei Gao , Shi Jin , Zaichen Zhang , Xiaohu You , Chuan Zhang

We propose a decentralized receiver for extra-large multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) arrays. Our method operates with no central processing unit (CPU) and all the signal detection tasks are done in distributed nodes. We exploit a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-12 Abolfazl Amiri , Carles Navarro Manch'on , Elisabeth de Carvalho

In this paper, we consider the multi-user detection problem in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, where the number of receive antennas at the base station (BS) grows infinitely large. We propose a new performance metric, called…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-22 Ruichen Jiang , Ya-Feng Liu

This paper surveys recent advances in the area of very large MIMO systems. With very large MIMO, we think of systems that use antenna arrays with an order of magnitude more elements than in systems being built today, say a hundred antennas…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-03 Fredrik Rusek , Daniel Persson , Buon Kiong Lau , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta , Ove Edfors , Fredrik Tufvesson

Assume that a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system must be designed to cover a given area with maximal energy efficiency (bit/Joule). What are the optimal values for the number of antennas, active users, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti , Jakob Hoydis , Mérouane Debbah

Sixth generation (6G) wireless networks are envisioned to include aspects of energy footprint reduction (sustainability), besides those of network capacity and connectivity, at the design stage. This paradigm change requires radically new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Juan Carlos Ruiz-Sicilia , Marco Di Renzo , Placido Mursia , Aryan Kaushik , Vincenzo Sciancalepore

The Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MMIMO) technique together with Heterogeneous Network (Het-Net) deployment enables high throughput of 5G and beyond networks. However, a high number of antennas and a high number of Base Stations…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Marcin Hoffmann , Paweł Kryszkiewicz

Extremely large-scale massive MIMO (XL-MIMO) has been reviewed as a promising technology for future wireless communications. The deployment of XL-MIMO, especially at high-frequency bands, leads to users being located in the near-field…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Xiangyu Zhang , Zening Wang , Haiyang Zhang , Luxi Yang

In this paper, we propose algorithms for signal detection in large-scale multiuser {\em spatial modulation multiple-input multiple-output (SM-MIMO)} systems. In large-scale SM-MIMO, each user is equipped with multiple transmit antennas…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-11-07 P. Raviteja , T. Lakshmi Narasimhan , A. Chockalingam

Future sixth-generation (6G) systems are expected to leverage extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) technology, which significantly expands the range of the near-field region. The spherical wavefront characteristics…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shicong Liu , Xianghao Yu , Zhen Gao , Jie Xu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Shuguang Cui

Two key traits of 5G cellular networks are much higher base station (BS) densities - especially in the case of low-power BSs - and the use of massive MIMO at these BSs. This paper explores how massive MIMO can be used to jointly maximize…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Qiaoyang Ye , Ozgun Y. Bursalioglu , Haralabos C. Papadopoulos , Constantine Caramanis , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been a critical enabling technology in 5th generation (5G) wireless networks. With the advent of 6G, a natural evolution is to employ even more antennas, potentially an order of magnitude…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Wentao Yu , Yifan Ma , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Massive MIMO systems promise high data rates by employing large number of antennas, which also increases the power usage of the system as a consequence. This creates an optimization problem which specifies how many antennas the system…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Masoud Arash , Ehsan Yazdian , Mohammad sadegh Fazel , Glauber Brante , Muhammad Imran

This paper considers an antenna structure where a (non-large) array of radiating elements is placed at short distance in front of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). We propose a channel estimation procedure using different…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Stefano Buzzi , Carmen D'Andrea , Giovanni Interdonato

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technology for the future sixth-generation (6G) networks to achieve higher performance. In practice, various linear precoding schemes, such as zero-forcing (ZF)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Bokai Xu , Zhe Wang , Huahua Xiao , Jiayi Zhang , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Fully digital massive MIMO systems with large numbers (1000+) of antennas offer dramatically increased capacity gains from spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Designing digital receivers that can scale to these array dimensions presents…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Ali Rasteh , Amirreza Kiani , Marco Mezzavilla , Sundeep Rangan

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) and small cell densification are complementary key 5G enablers. Given a fixed number of the entire base-station antennas per unit area, this paper fairly compares (i) to deploy few base…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Mounia Hamidouche , Ejder Baştuğ , Jihong Park , Laura Cottatellucci , Mérouane Debbah

In a cell-free massive MIMO architecture a very large number of distributed access points simultaneously and jointly serves a much smaller number of mobile stations; a variant of the cell-free technique is the user-centric approach, wherein…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-28 Mario Alonzo , Stefano Buzzi , Alessio Zappone , Ciro D'Elia
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