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Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is capable of supporting extremely high system capacities with large numbers of users. In this work, we build a framework for the analysis and low-complexity design of XL-MIMO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-13 Kangda Zhi , Cunhua Pan , Hong Ren , Kok Keong Chai , Cheng-Xiang Wang , Robert Schober , Xiaohu You

We consider the recently proposed extra-large scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, with some hundreds of antennas serving a smaller number of users. Since the array length is of the same order as the distance to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 José Carlos Marinello , Taufik Abrão , Abolfazl Amiri , Elisabeth de Carvalho , Petar Popovski

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multipleoutput (XL-MIMO) is believed to be a cornerstone of sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. XL-MIMO uses more antennas to both achieve unprecedented spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs) and exploit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Hao Lei , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Wang , Huahua Xiao , Bo Ai , Emil Björnson

Extra large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key technology for future wireless communication systems. This paper considers the effects of visibility region (VR) at the base station (BS) in a non-stationary multi-user…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jun Zhang , Jiacheng Lu , Jingjing Zhang , Yu Han , Jue Wang , Shi Jin

This paper explores the maximization of the harvested power efficiency (HPE) in a modular extremely large multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) system, which supports energy harvesting (EH) for near-field users. These users are located…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Muhammad Zeeshan Mumtaz , Mohammadali Mohammadi , Hien Quoc Ngo , Michail Matthaiou

With the inherent benefits, such as, better cell coverage and higher area throughput, extra-large scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has great potential to be one of the key technologies for the next generation wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Xi Yang , Fan Cao , Michail Matthaiou , Shi Jin

In an extra-large scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) system, the antenna arrays have a large physical size that goes beyond the dimensions in traditional MIMO systems. Because of this large dimensionality, the optimization of an XL-MIMO system leads to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-04 Abolfazl Amiri , Carles Navarro Manch'on , Elisabeth de Carvalho

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technology for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication networks. By significantly boosting the antenna number or size to at least an order of magnitude…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Haiquan Lu , Yong Zeng , Changsheng You , Yu Han , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Wang , Zhenjun Dong , Shi Jin , Cheng-Xiang Wang , Tao Jiang , Xiaohu You , Rui Zhang

Extra-large scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) is a key technology for meeting sixth-generation (6G) requirements for high-rate connectivity and uniform quality of service (QoS); however, its deployment is challenged by the prohibitive complexity of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Gabriel Avanzi Ubiali , José Carlos Marinello Filho , Taufik Abrão

This paper proposes a grant-free massive access scheme based on the millimeter wave (mmWave) extra-large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) to support massive Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices with low latency, high data rate,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Li Qiao , Anwen Liao , Zhuoran Li , Hua Wang , Zhen Gao , Xiang Gao , Yu Su , Pei Xiao , Li You , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

One of the most important challenges in the fifth generation (5G) of telecommunication systems is the efficiency of energy and spectrum. Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have been proposed by researchers to resolve…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Abdolrasoul Sakhaei Gharagezlou , Nima Imani , Mahdi Nangir

One of the most important technologies in the fifth generation (5G) and the sixth generation (6G) is massive multiple input multiple outputs (MIMO) or extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO). With the evolving high-frequency technologies in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xiangyu Cui , Ki-Hong Park , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Mid-band extra-large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO), emerging as a critical enabler for future communication systems, is expected to deliver significantly higher throughput by leveraging the extended bandwidth and enlarged…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Jiachen Tian , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Chao-Kai Wen

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is regarded as one of the key techniques to enhance the performance of future wireless communications. Different from regular MIMO, the XL-MIMO shifts part of the communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Kangjian Chen , Chenhao Qi , Jingjia Huang , Octavia A. Dobre , Geoffrey Ye Li

An exponential increase in the data rate demand prompted several technical innovations. Multi User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) is one of the most promising schemes. This has been evolved into Massive MIMO technology in 5G to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Md. Asif Ishrak Sarder , Fehima Tajrian , Moontasir Rafique , Mariea Anzum , Abdullah Bin Shams

We study the design of receivers in extra-large scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) systems, i.e. systems in which the base station is equipped with an antenna array of extremely large dimensions. While XL-MIMO can significantly increase the system's…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-15 Abolfazl Amiri , Sajad Rezaie , Carles Navarro Manchon , Elisabeth de Carvalho

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key technology for next-generation wireless communication systems. By deploying significantly more antennas than conventional massive MIMO systems, XL-MIMO promises…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ming Zeng , Ji Wang , Wanming Hao , Zheng Chu , Wenwu Xie , Quoc-Viet Pham

Massive MIMO is one of the key technologies to support the growth of massive access attempts by devices, such as in massive machine type communication (mMTC). The evolution of antenna array technology brought the recent extra-large scale…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-02 Thiago Augusto Bruza Alves , Taufik Abrão

The recent extra-large scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems are seen as a promising technology for providing very high data rates in increased user-density scenarios. Spatial non-stationarities and visibility…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-21 José Carlos Marinello Filho , Glauber Brante , Richard Demo Souza , Taufik Abrão

As we make progress towards the era of fifth generation (5G) communication networks, energy efficiency (EE) becomes an important design criterion because it guarantees sustainable evolution. In this regard, the massive multiple-input…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-11-30 K. N. R. Surya Vara Prasad , Ekram Hossain , Vijay K. Bhargava
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