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Discrete Painlev\'e equations are nonlinear, nonautonomous difference equations of second-order. They have coefficients that are explicit functions of the independent variable $n$ and there are three different types of equations according…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2019-02-22 Nalini Joshi , Nobutaka Nakazono

Five equivalence classes had been found for systems of two second-order ordinary differential equations, transformable to linear equations (linearizable systems) by a change of variables. An "optimal (or simplest) canonical form" of linear…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-04-19 Muhammad Safdar , Asghar Qadir , Sajid Ali

We construct integrable discrete nonautonomous quad-equations as B\"acklund auto-transformations for known Volterra and Toda type semidiscrete equations, some of which are also nonautonomous. Additional examples of this kind are found by…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-09-30 R. N. Garifullin , R. I. Yamilov

Two-place nonlocal systems have attracted many scientists' attentions. In this paper, two-place non-localities are extended to multi-place non-localities. Especially, various two-place and four-place nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS)…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-06-04 S. Y. Lou

We construct a new multi-component CKP hierarchy based on the eigenfunction symmetry reduction. It contains two types of CKP equation with self-consistent sources which Lax representations are presented. Also it admits reductions to…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-10-29 Hongxia Wu , Xiaojun Liu , Yunbo Zeng

In a recent paper [TMP, 200:1 (2019), 966--984] by the authors, a series of integrable discrete autonomous equations on a square lattice with a non-standard structure of generalized symmetries is constructed. We build modified series by…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2020-12-02 R. N. Garifullin , R. I. Yamilov

Eigenvector-dependent nonlinear eigenvalue problems are considered which arise from the finite difference discretizations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Existence and uniqueness of positive eigenvector for both one and two dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-25 Xuping Zhang , Haimei Huo

In this paper the Mikhailov model is discretized by means of the Cauchy matrix approach. A pair of discrete Miura transformations are constructed. The discrete Mikhailov model is a coupled system, in which one equation comes from the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-01-15 Song-lin Zhao , Xiao-gang Mu , Da-jun Zhang

The Kadomtsev--Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy is the archetype of infinite-dimensional integrable systems, which describes nonlinear ion acoustic waves in two-dimensional space. This remarkably ordered system resides on a singular submanifold…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-03-25 Yuji Ohno , Zensho Yoshida

The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) equation admits a large variety of multi-soliton solutions which exhibit both elastic as well as inelastic types of interactions. This work investigates a general class of multi-solitons which were not…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Gino Biondini , Sarbarish Chakravarty

We study a new example of equation obtained as a result of a recent generalized symmetry classification of differential-difference equations defined on five points of one-dimensional lattice. We have established that in the continuous limit…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2016-12-13 R. N. Garifullin , R. I. Yamilov

Reductions of the KP-Whitham system, namely the (2+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic system of five equations that describes the slow modulations of periodic solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation, are studied. Specifically, the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2020-08-26 Gino Biondini , Mark A. Hoefer , A. Moro

Restricting a linear system for the KP hierarchy to those independent variables t\_n with odd n, its compatibility (Zakharov-Shabat conditions) leads to the "odd KP hierarchy". The latter consists of pairs of equations for two dependent…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2009-11-13 Aristophanes Dimakis , Folkert Muller-Hoissen

We consider a class of generalized Kuznetsov--Zabolotskaya--Khokhlov (gKZK) equations and determine its equivalence group, which is then used to give a complete symmetry classification of this class. The infinite-dimensional symmetry is…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2014-11-25 F. Gungor , C. Ozemir

A defining characteristic of the Kadomstev-Petviashvili (KP) model equation is that the well-posedness results are subject to the restriction that at all transverse positions, the mass $\int u \,dx = \text{constant independent of $y$}.$ In…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Jacob B. Aguilar

We propose a systematic method for constructing integrable delay-difference and delay-differential analogues of known soliton equations such as the Lotka-Volterra, Toda lattice, and sine-Gordon equations and their multi-soliton solutions.…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-09-20 Kenta Nakata , Ken-ichi Maruno

We have recently solved the inverse spectral problem for integrable PDEs in arbitrary dimensions arising as commutation of multidimensional vector fields depending on a spectral parameter $\lambda$. The associated inverse problem, in…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-20 S. V. Manakov , P. M. Santini

We give the solution to the complete noncommutative Kadomtsev--Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy. We achieve this via direct linearisation which involves the Gelfand--Levitan--Marchenko (GLM) equation. This is a linear integral equation in which…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2025-10-03 Gordon Blower , Simon J. A. Malham

In the present paper, an integrable semi-discretization of the modified Camassa-Holm (mCH) equation with cubic nonlinearity is presented. The key points of the construction are based on the discrete Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-10-15 Bao-Feng Feng , Heng-Chun Hu , Han-Han Sheng , Wei Yin , Guo-Fu Yu

Nonlinear systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) may permit several distinct solutions. The typical current approach to finding distinct solutions is to start Newton's method with many different initial guesses, hoping to find…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-03 Patrick E. Farrell , Ásgeir Birkisson , Simon W. Funke