Related papers: Note on the Labelled tree graphs
Following an argument advanced by Feynman, we consider a method for obtaining the effective action which generates the sum of tree diagrams with external physical particles. This technique is applied, in the unbroken \lambda \phi^4 theory,…
In enumerative combinatorics, it is often a goal to enumerate both labeled and unlabeled structures of a given type. The theory of combinatorial species is a novel toolset which provides a rigorous foundation for dealing with the…
We investigate the relation between 4d ambitwistor string theory and on-shell diagrams for planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills and N=8 supergravity, and deduce several new results about their scattering amplitudes at tree-level and 1-loop. In…
We provide a short combinatorial proof of Cayley's formula by means of a bijective map to an outcome space of an urn-drawing problem. Furthermore we introduce an algebraic structure on the set of labeled trees, which provides a more…
We review recent progress in Bipartite Field Theories. We cover topics such as their gauge dynamics, emergence of toric Calabi-Yau manifolds as master and moduli spaces, string theory embedding, relationships to on-shell diagrams,…
The Feynman rules assign to every graph an integral which can be written as a function of a scaling parameter L. Assuming L for the process under consideration is very small, so that contributions to the renormalizaton group are small, we…
The integrand of any multi-loop integral is characterised after Feynman parametrisation by two polynomials. In this review we summarise the properties of these polynomials. Topics covered in this article include among others: Spanning trees…
Unveiling hidden symmetries within Feynman diagrams is crucial for achieving more efficient computations in high-energy physics. In this paper, we study the symmetries underlying the causal Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) representations through a…
Tree-like tableaux are certain fillings of Ferrers diagrams originally introduced by Aval et al., which are in simple bijections with permutation tableaux coming from Postnikov's study of totally nonnegative Grassmanian and alternative…
A new topological field theory is constructed, which is characterized by cubic interactions similar to those of non-abelian Chern-Simons field theories, but still retains the simplicity of the abelian case. The perturbative expansion of…
In this paper, we propose to study a general notion of a down-up Markov chain for multifurcating trees with n labelled leaves. We study in detail down-up chains associated with the $(\alpha, \gamma)$-model of Chen et al. (2009),…
We leverage a correspondence between group actions and edge-labelled graphs in two ways. First, we give a unified presentation of several folklore results connecting weak containment, local-global convergence, and continuous model theory.…
A polynomial form is established for the off-shell CHY scattering equations proposed by Lam and Yao. Re-expressing this in terms of independent Mandelstam invariants provides a new expression for the polynomial scattering equations,…
The relationship between on-shell tree level scattering amplitudes of open and closed strings, discovered some time ago by Kawai, Lewellen and Tye, is used at field theory level (at $O(\alpha'^3)$) to establish a link between the general…
Bayesian networks are a widely-used class of probabilistic graphical models capable of representing symmetric conditional independence between variables of interest using the topology of the underlying graph. For categorical variables, they…
We construct an explicit minimal model for an algebra over the cobar-construction of a differential graded operad. The structure maps of this minimal model are expressed in terms of sums over decorated trees. We introduce the appropriate…
We show how to obtain correctly normalized expressions for the Feynman diagrams of $\Phi^3$ theory with an internal $U(N)$ symmetry group, starting from tachyon amplitudes of the open bosonic string, and suitably performing the zero--slope…
In this work we consider the class of Cayley graphs known as generalized Paley graphs (GP-graphs for short) given by $\Gamma(k,q) = Cay(\mathbb{F}_q, \{x^k : x\in \mathbb{F}_q^* \})$, where $\mathbb{F}_q$ is a finite field with $q$…
Plane increasing trees are rooted labeled trees embedded into the plane such that the sequence of labels is increasing on any branch starting at the root. Relaxed binary trees are a subclass of unlabeled directed acyclic graphs. We…
In this paper, we give a simple combinatorial explanation of a formula of A. Postnikov relating bicolored rooted trees to bicolored binary trees. We also present generalized formulas for the number of labeled k-ary trees, rooted labeled…